Table 2.
Inhibitors | Targets | Functions | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Tocilizumab | IL-6R | Promotes anti-tumor immunity | [108] |
INCB28060 | HGF and c-Met | Blocks chemotherapeutic failure | [49] |
PD173074 | FGF | Terminates cellular proliferation and migration | [50] |
Galunisertib | TGF-β1 | Reverses MHC-I loss caused by TGF-β | [72] |
DNMT | MHC-I | Inhibits tumor-immune excluded subtype | [52] |
MPDL3280A | PD-L1 | Suppresses T cell migration, proliferation, and secretion of cytotoxic mediators and restricts tumor cell killing | [109] |
Vigil | TGFβ-1 and TGFβ-2 | Downregulates TGF-β 1 and 2; provides personal neoantigen; induces GMCSF expression |
[110] |
AG1478 | EGFR | Upregulates autophagy levels | [111] |
Elaiophylin | Autophagy | Inhibits activation of autophagy | [112] |
Bevacizumab | VEGF | Inhibits tumor angiogenesis | [99,113,114] |
CAFs: cancer-associated fibroblasts.