. 2022 May 29;12(11):1400. doi: 10.3390/ani12111400

Table 3.

The effect of flaxseed oil encapsulation on total gas production of dairy cattle diet in incubation times (mL/g dry matter).

Treatments	Incubation Times (h)
Treatments	2	4	6	8	12	16	24	36	48	72	96
Control	5.52 ^a	15.04 ^b,c	26.79 ^b,c	38.29 ^a,b,c	56.77 ^b	74.45 ^c,d	93.69 ^b,c	109.42 ^d	120.31 ^c	126.30 ^c	130.41 ^c
flaxseed oil (7%)	5.39 ^a	17.70 ^a,b	30.19 ^a,b	42.08 ^a,b	69.56 ^a	98.83 ^a	116.18 ^a	138.90 ^a	147.93 ^a	153.66 ^a	156.44 ^a
flaxseed oil (14%)	2.79 ^b	11.89 ^c	20.33 ^c	31.29 ^c	46.12 ^c	63.80 ^d	75.84 ^d	88.31 ^e	94.81 ^d	98.34 ^d	99.72 ^d
Chitosan (7%)	6.19 ^a	15.11 ^b,c	26.13 ^b,c	37.22 ^b,c	54.24 ^b,c	70.92 ^c,d	88.61 ^c,d	115.83 ^c,d	127.55 ^b,c	132.62 ^bc	135.79 ^b,c
Chitosan (14%)	3.66 ^a,b	17.64 ^a,b	28.59 ^a,b	40.09 ^a,b,c	64.72 ^a,b	87.82 ^a,b	103.93 ^a,b	129.98 ^a,b,c	138.28 ^a,b	146.93 ^a,b	150.78 ^a,b
Calcium alginate (7%)	5.52 ^a	16.79 ^b,c	28.94 ^a,b	42.90 ^a,b	61.19 ^a,b	81.53 ^b,c	98.17 ^b,c	122.22 ^b,c,d	131.85 ^a,b,c	139.84 ^a,b,c	144.02 ^a,b,c
Calcium alginate (14%)	5.46 ^a	22.38 ^a	35.27 ^a	47.29 ^a	70.38 ^a	92.79 ^a,b	107.22 ^a,b	133.08 ^a,b	140.24 ^a,b	148.50 ^a,b	153.21 ^a,b
SEM	0.788	1.711	2.391	2.927	3.371	4.204	4.426	5.098	5.420	5.924	6.040
p-value	0.053	0.0096	0.0094	0.022	0.0002	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001

Treatments: Control: diet without supplemented oil, flaxseed oil (7%): diet containing 7% of flaxseed oil, flaxseed oil (14%): diet containing 14% of flaxseed oil, Chitosan (7%): diet containing 7% flaxseed oil encapsulated with 500 ppm chitosan, Chitosan (14%): diet containing 14% flaxseed oil encapsulated with 1000 ppm chitosan, Calcium alginate (7%): diet containing 7% flaxseed oil encapsulated with 500 ppm calcium alginate, Calcium alginate (14%): diet containing 14% flaxseed oil encapsulated with 1000 ppm calcium alginate. SEM: Standard error of means. ^a,b,c,d,e Means within the same column with different superscripts differ significantly (p < 0.05).