Table 5.

Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for Study Entry

Inclusion Criteria	Exclusion Criteria
1. ≥65 years old 2. English speaking 2. Currently hospitalized 3. Able to make decisions for oneself 4. Life limiting illness or severe functional impairment. Must have one or more of the following: a) Chronic life-limiting illness with median survival ≤2 years defined as: 1) metastatic cancer or inoperable lung cancer; 2) COPD requiring oxygen; 3) New York Heart Association Class III or IV heart failure; 4) Child’s Class C cirrhosis or baseline MELD score of ≥20, 5) end stage renal disease (must be on dialysis and ≥75 years old); 6) advanced pulmonary fibrosis/interstitial lung disease; and 7) advanced pulmonary hypertension b) Severe functional impairment defined as dependence with ≥4 activities of daily living (ADLs) on Katz Index of Independence in ADLs.(50, 51)	1. Has already definitively chosen DNR status 2. Unable to provide informed consent 3. Refused consent 4. Currently listed on a transplant list (awaiting transplant) 5. Inappropriate for study enrollment per attending physician 6. Research team unavailable to perform study intervention

Inclusion Criteria

Exclusion Criteria

1. ≥65 years old
2. English speaking
2. Currently hospitalized
3. Able to make decisions for oneself
4. Life limiting illness or severe functional impairment. Must have one or more of the following:
a) Chronic life-limiting illness with median survival ≤2 years defined as: 1) metastatic cancer or inoperable lung cancer; 2) COPD requiring oxygen; 3) New York Heart Association Class III or IV heart failure; 4) Child’s Class C cirrhosis or baseline MELD score of ≥20, 5) end stage renal disease (must be on dialysis and ≥75 years old); 6) advanced pulmonary fibrosis/interstitial lung disease; and 7) advanced pulmonary hypertension
b) Severe functional impairment defined as dependence with ≥4
activities of daily living (ADLs) on Katz Index of Independence in ADLs.(50, 51)

1. Has already definitively chosen DNR status
2. Unable to provide informed consent
3. Refused consent
4. Currently listed on a transplant list (awaiting transplant)
5. Inappropriate for study enrollment per attending physician
6. Research team unavailable to perform study intervention