Table 3.
Characteristics of the participants at baseline.
| All (n = 63) | Robust (n = 25) | Pre-Frail and Frail (n = 38) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean/SD) | 79.5 | 5.3 | 78.2 | 4.1 | 80.3 | 5.7 |
| Body mass index (n/%) | ||||||
| <18.5 | 5 | 7.9 | 2 | 8.0 | 3 | 7.9 |
| 18.5–24.9 | 51 | 81.0 | 21 | 84.0 | 30 | 78.9 |
| ≥25.0 | 7 | 11.1 | 2 | 8.0 | 5 | 13.2 |
| Disease status (multiple answers) (n/%) | ||||||
| Stroke | 2 | 3.2 | 1 | 4.0 | 1 | 2.6 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 11 | 17.5 | 6 | 25.0 | 5 | 13.2 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 5 | 7.9 | 3 | 12.5 | 2 | 5.3 |
| Respiratory disease | 7 | 11.1 | 2 | 8.3 | 5 | 13.2 |
| Musculoskeletal disorders | 6 | 9.5 | 1 | 4.2 | 5 | 11.9 |
| Number of medications (n/%) | ||||||
| None | 8 | 12.7 | 2 | 8.0 | 6 | 15.8 |
| One or two | 21 | 33.3 | 12 | 48.0 | 9 | 23.7 |
| Three or four | 25 | 39.7 | 6 | 24.0 | 19 | 50.0 |
| Five or more | 8 | 12.7 | 4 | 16.0 | 4 | 10.5 |
SD: standard deviation.