Table 1.

Description of Included Publications.

	Paper	Study Type	Setting	Participants	Demographics	Intervention, Control Description	Outcomes Measures
1	Fergusson 2006 [26] (New Zealand)	Randomised controlled trial	Families enrolled in the Christchurch urban region by community nurses	n = 443 families I = 220 families C = 223 families Attrition: Intervention: 16.4%; Control: 7.2% Participants identified by community nurses who screened families with 2 or more risk factors	Single parent family (64.6% intervention vs. 63.8% in control. Families predominantly welfare dependent, with low income, and had parents with limited educational achievement. Although the client population consisted of predominantly white New Zealanders, the rate of Māori (the indigenous people of New Zealand) parents was approximately twice that of the rate of Māori in the general New Zealand population. *	Nurses/family support workers providing financial support during home visits Family support workers (FSWs) who had nursing or social work qualifications visited families at home as part of the Early Start Program and encouraged family economic and material wellbeing: reducing levels of welfare dependence, encouraging the use of budgeting services, encouraging workforce participation, and encouraging forward economic planning. Control group randomised from trial recruitment; No Early Start Program; Control group received $50 (New Zealand) per interview for their time	Welfare dependence, family weekly income, mother in paid employment, partner in paid employment, number of economic hardship factors
2	Fergusson 2005 [27] (New Zealand)	Randomised controlled trial	Families enrolled in the Christchurch urban region by community nurses	n = 443 families I = 220 families C = 223 families Attrition: Intervention: 16.4%; Control: 7.2% Participants identified by community nurses who screened families with 2 or more risk factors	Single parent family (64.6% intervention vs. 63.8% in control. Families predominantly welfare dependent, with low income, and had parents with limited educational achievement. Although the client population consisted of predominantly white New Zealanders, the rate of Māori (the indigenous people of New Zealand) parents was approximately twice that of the rate of Māori in the general New Zealand population. *	Nurses/family support workers providing financial support during home visits Family support workers (FSWs) who had nursing or social work qualifications visited families at home as part of the Early Start Program and encouraged family economic and material wellbeing: reducing levels of welfare dependence, encouraging the use of budgeting services, encouraging workforce participation, and encouraging forward economic planning. Control group randomised from trial recruitment; No Early Start Program; Control group received $50 (New Zealand) per interview for their time	Medical outcomes (visits to doctor; immunisations; wellbeing checks; hospital attendance for accidents/injuries; if child was enrolled in dental services). Use of preschool education and welfare utilisation; parenting practices; child abuse & neglect; child behaviour.
3	Naven 2012 [28] (Scotland)	Before and after study	Ten Community Health (and Care) Partnership (CH(C)P) areas that existed across NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (NHS GGC)	n = 2516 referrals Overall uptake of advice services = 54%	Lone parents; 59% Minority ethnic groups in south and west Glasgow successfully reached	Health visitor/midwife referring clients to money advice services Healthier, Wealthier Children (HWC) project; a range of early years staff (e.g., health visitor/midwife) referred eligible clients to local HWC money advice services. Local HWC services contacted client and offered advice, intervention and onward referral if required.	Financial Gain: Annual gain (£); Number (%) gain cases; Average gain per case (£) Engagement: Referrals; Advice uptake
4	Naven 2013 [29] (Scotland)	Before and after study	Ten Community Health (and Care) Partnership (CH(C)P) areas that existed across NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde (NHS GGC)	n = 2289 referrals Overall uptake of advice services = 45%	Lone parents = 69% (703/1012); Couples = 31% (318/1012) White (67%; 818/1213), Black or Minority Ethnic background (BME) 12% (146/1213)	Health visitor/midwife referring clients to money advice services Healthier, Wealthier Children (HWC) project; a range of early years staff (e.g., health visitor/midwife) referred eligible clients to local HWC money advice services. Local HWC services contacted client and offered advice, intervention and onward referral if required.	Financial Gain: Annual gain (£); Number (%) gain cases; Average gain per case (£) Engagement: Referrals; Advice uptake
5	Reading 2001 [30] (UK)	Before and after study	Three urban primary health care centres in Norwich, UK	n = 107 families Overall uptake of advice service = 23 (22%)	Lone parents = 24% (21/87)	Financial counsellors attached to urban primary health care centres. A trained Citizens Advice Bureau worker (financial advisor and other social service support) was attached to three urban primary health care centres in Norwich, UK, for 1 day per week over a period of 9 months.	Welfare benefits, debt, legal, housing, utilities, taxation, employment, consumer rights, relationships
6	Parthasarathy 2003 [31] (USA)	Before and after study	Women, Infants, and Children Program (WIC) client families for BEST financial educational classes; Medically Vulnerable Infant Program (MVIP) for BEST financial assessments during public health nurse home visits.	BEST financial educational classes: N = 6248 WIC client families; 1592 (26%) completed post-class participant surveys BEST MVIP home visitation program: N = 163 infants Primary caregivers of 139 (85%) infants completed BEST questionnaires.	WIC client families, all living at the federal poverty level or below; infants at risk for neurological problems and developmental delays because of prematurity, low birth weight or other medical conditions experienced at birth, and discharged neonatally from a California Children’s Services approved neonatal intensive care unit.	Nurses/family support workers providing financial support during home visits One-on-one support to families (public health nurses) in home visiting programs; financial education classes for Women, Infants and Children Program (WIC) clients; asset development educational materials and referrals for all clients	Understanding of the health-wealth connection; knowledge of asset development strategies and resources; confidence and readiness to improve financial behaviours; improved financial behaviours; stress levels

* In all comparisons of demographics, there were no significant differences between the intervention and control groups. I = Intervention group, C = Control.