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. 2022 May 25;19(11):6425. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19116425

Table 6.

Child health and wellbeing.

Paper Measure Results (Intervention vs. Control) Association 95% CI Significance
Fergusson 2005 [27] Child Health
Mean no. of GP visits (0–36 mo) 23.4 (intervention) vs. 20.7 (control) 0.11 (0.01–0.21) <0.05
% Up to date with immunisations (0–36 mo) 92.5 (intervention) vs. 91.9 (control) 1.09 (0.51–2.32) 0.83
% Up to date with well-child checks (0–36 mo) 41.9 (intervention) vs. 30.1 (control) 1.70 (1.11–2.59) <0.05
% Attended hospital for accident/injury or accidental poisoning (0–36 mo) 17.5 (intervention) vs. 26.3 (control) 0.59 (0.36–0.98) <0.05
% Enrolled with dental nurse/dentist at 36 mo 72.3 (intervention) vs. 62.8 (control) 1.54 (1.01–2.37) <0.05
Service utilization
Mean duration of early childhood education, mo (0–36 mo) 16.4 (intervention) vs. 13.6 (control) 0.11 (0.01–0.21) <0.05
Mean no. of community service contacts (0–36 mo) 8.7 (intervention) vs. 7.7 (control) 0.16 (0.06–0.26) <0.01
Maternal parenting attitudes
Mean positive parenting attitudes (36 mo) 10.14 (intervention) vs. 9.88 (control) 0.13 (0.03–0.23) <0.01
Mean nonpunitive attitudes (36 mo) 10.12 (intervention) vs. 9.90 (control) 0.11 (0.01–0.21) <0.05
Mean parenting score (36 mo) 10.14 (intervention) vs. 9.87 (control) 0.13 (0.03–0.23) <0.01
Child abuse and neglect
% Parental report of severe physical assault (0–36 mo) 4.4 (intervention) vs. 11.7 (control) 0.35 (0.15–0.80) <0.01
% In contact with agencies for child abuse or neglect (0–36 mo) 19.6 (intervention) vs. 21.3 (control) 0.91 (0.55–1.48) 0.39
Child behavioral adjustment
Mean externalising score (36 mo) 9.90 (intervention) vs. 10.09 (control) 0.09 (−0.01–0.19) <0.07
Mean internalising score (36 mo) 9.86 (intervention) vs. 10.12 (control) 0.13 (0.03–0.23) <0.01
Mean total behavior score (36 mo) 9.87 (intervention) vs. 10.11 (control) 0.12 (0.02–0.22) <0.05

All parenting and child behavior scores were standardized to a mean of 10 and an SD of 1.