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. 2022 May 31;11(11):1811. doi: 10.3390/cells11111811

Figure 8.

Figure 8

DFO blocked HIV-1 Tat-, gp120-, and CQ-induced increases in the accumulation of damaged mitochondria inside endolysosomes. (A) Representative fluorescence microscopy reconstructed (using Imaris 3D software) images showing endolysosomes (green), damaged mitochondria (red) inside endolysosomes (red inside green puncta), and nuclei (blue). Qualitatively, DFO blocked the accumulation of damaged mitochondria in endolysosomes induced by CQ (30 µM), Tat (100 nM), and gp120 (1 nM). (B) Quantitatively, DFO significantly blocked the accumulation of damaged mitochondria inside endolysosomes increased by CQ (30 µM), Tat (100 nM), and gp120 (1 nM) (**** p < 0.00001). Image analysis and quantification were performed from five independent experiments with 30 cells quantified for each experimental condition (n = 150). Error bars represent standard deviation (SD) of five independent experiments. A one-way ANOVA multiple comparisons test was used to compare control and treatment groups. Cells were chosen randomly during image acquisition and analysis from the microscope field of view, and no cells were intentionally excluded. Scale bar is 10 µm. **** p < 0.00001.