Table 3.

The stability of SARS-CoV on different surfaces.

Type of surface	Strain	T (°C)	Humidity	T1/2 (h)	S (h)	Time of 100% decay (h)	References
Plastic	SARS-CoV-2	21–23	40%	6.8	72	96	[15]
		22	65%	11.4	96	168	[51]
	SARS-CoV-1	21–23	40%	7.6	72	96	[15]
		21–25	NR	NR	96	120	[50, 53]
		21–25	NR	NR	144	216	[112]
		22–25	40%–50%	NR	28 days	NR	[10, 57]
		33	>95%	NR	24	NR	[10, 57]
		33	80%–89%	NR	24	NR	[10, 57]
		38	>95%	NR	24	NR	[10, 57]
		38	80%–89%	NR	24	NR	[10, 57]
Stainless Steel	SARS-CoV-2	21–23	40%	5.6	72	96	[15]
		22	65%	14.7	72	96	[51]
		20	35%–40%	NR	336	504	[52]
	SARS-CoV-1	21–23	40%	4.2	48	72	[15]
Copper	SARS-CoV-2	21–23	40%	0.8	4	8	[15]
	SARS-CoV-1	21–23	40%	1.5	8	24	[15]
Glass	SARS-CoV-2	22	65%	4.8	48	96	[51]
	SARS-CoV-1	21–25	NR	NR	96	120	[50, 53]
Cardboard	SARS-CoV-2	21–23	40%	3.5	24	48	[15]
	SARS-CoV-1	21–23	40%	0.6	8	24	[15]
Metal	SARS-CoV-1	21–25	NR	NR	120	NR	[10, 53]
Mosaic		21–25	NR	NR	72	96	[10, 53]
Paper	SARS-CoV-2	22	65%	NR	0.5	3	[51]
Paper (H)∗	SARS-CoV-1	20	NR	NR	NR	24	[113]
Paper (M) ∗		20	NR	NR	NR	3	[113]
Paper (L) ∗		20	NR	NR	NR	<5 min	[113]
Tissue paper	SARS-CoV-2	22	65%	NR	0.5	3	[51]
Press paper	SARS-CoV-1	21–25	NR	NR	96	120	[50, 53]
Filter paper		21–25	NR	NR	120	NR	[50, 53]
Wood	SARS-CoV-2	22	65%	NR	6–24	24–48	[51]
Wood boards	SARS-CoV-1	21–25	NR	NR	96	120	[50, 53]
Cloth	SARS-CoV-2	22	65%	NR	6–24	24–48	[51]
Cloth	SARS-CoV-1	21–25	NR	NR	120	NR	[50, 53]
Banknote	SARS-CoV-2	22	65%	7.9	48	96	[51]
Mask, inner layer		22	65%	9.9	96	168	[51]
Mask, outer layer		22	65%	23.9	168	NR	[51]
Plastic face shield		20	35%–40%	NR	504	NR	[52]
N95 mask				NR	504	NR	[52]
N100 mask				NR	504	NR	[52]
Nitrile gloves				NR	168	336	[52]
Chemical gloves				NR	96	168	[52]
Disposable gown (H) ∗	SARS-CoV-1	20	NR	NR	NR	48	[113]
Disposable gown (M) ∗		20	NR	NR	NR	24	[113]
Disposable gown (L) ∗		20	NR	NR	NR	1	[113]
Cotton	SARS-CoV-2	20	35%–40%	NR	4	24	[52]
Cotton gown (H) ∗	SARS-CoV-1	20	NR	NR	NR	24	[113]
Cotton gown (M) ∗		20	NR	NR	NR	1	[113]
Cotton gown (L) ∗		20	NR	NR	NR	5 min	[113]
Tyvek	SARS-CoV-2	20	35%–40%	NR	336	504	[52]

NR, not reported; ∗ H, high inoculation, 10⁶ TCID₅₀/mL; M, medium inoculation, 10⁵ TCID₅₀/mL; L, low inoculation, 10⁴ TCID₅₀/mL; T, temperature; S, stability.