Table 1.
Neuroimaging findings in AD patients.
| Imaging Method | Principle | Main Findings | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Structural MRI | MR with hydrogen | Cerebral atrophy, ventricular enlargement | [7,8,9,10] |
| FDG-PET | Radioluminescence of FDG, amyloid, tau, etc. | Reduced cerebral glucose metabolism | [11,12] |
| fNIRS | NIR light for hemodynamics | Reduction in HbO concentration | [13] |
| fMRI | MR for hemodynamics | Hyper- and hypo-activation in the task-related regions | [14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22] |
| EEG | Electrical signal of brain | Altered functional connectivity pattern, slowing, decrease in complexity, alterations in microstate | [23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30] |
MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; FDG-PET, fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography; fNIRS, functional near-infrared spectroscopy; fMRI, functional MRI; EEG, electroencephalography.