Table 3.
Outcomes by Model Type
| ICER: PGx Testing vs. No Testing |
NMB: PGx Testing vs. No Testing $100k/QALY |
|
|---|---|---|
| Deterministic Models | ||
| Differential Equations | 103,212 | −18.4 |
| Markov Cohort - Basic Rate-to-Probability Adjustment1 | ||
| Daily Cycle | 103,173 | −18.2 |
| Monthly Cycle | 102,175 | −12.6 |
| Yearly Cycle | 91,929 | 51.9 |
| Markov Cohort - Embedded2 | ||
| Daily Cycle | 103,206 | −18.3 |
| Monthly Cycle | 103,158 | −18.1 |
| Yearly Cycle | 103,181 | −18.2 |
| Stochastic Models (M = 10 million simulated patients) | ||
| Discrete Event Simulation | 103,345 | −19.1 |
| Microsimulation - Yearly Cycle | (15,925) | −84.0 |
| Microsimulation - Daily Cycle | 2,286 | 25.0 |
| Embedded Microsimulation - Yearly Cycle | (4,880) | −296.0 |
| Embedded Microsimulation - Monthly Cycle | 28199 | −158 |
Notes:
1
Basic rate-to-probability adjustment based on P(t) = 1 - e-rt, where r is the rate and t is the time step.
2
Embedded probability matrix based on P(t) = etG, where t is the time step and G is a transition intensity matrix.
ICER = Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio
NMB = Net Monetary Benefit
Negative ICERs indicate the PGx strategy is dominated but are shown to demonstrate magnitude of differences across modeling approaches.
ICER and NMB values will not match those constructed manually due to rounding in the reported average costs and QALY estimates.