Figure 2.

FE1 percentage cell viability analysis following 2–4 h exposure to (A) Zn forms, (B) Cu forms, and (C) TiO₂ NPs and MPs. Statistically significant differences between the exposed samples and the media control were determined through a one-way ANOVA with a Dunnett’s post hoc in the case of significant results. * p < 0.05. Error bars are +/−SD (n = 3–4). µM Me+: dose expressed in terms of micromolarity of the constituent metal. µg/mL MO: dose expressed as mass concentration of metal oxide. NW: nanowire, Ru/An: anatase + rutile mix, An: anatase, Ru: rutile, Si: silica coated, Si + Al: silica and alumina coated, Si + SA: silica and stearic acid coated, Si + SO; silica + silicone oil, H.philic: hydrophilic coating.