Table 7. Some recent studies conducted in the field of AI and sustainable agriculture.

Article	Area	Technique/Application	Objective	Proposition
Knowledge mapping of machine learning approaches applied in agricultural management—A scientometric review with citespace [64]	Agriculture management	Machine learning	To identify recent research based on machine learning methods in agricultural management Presented in a visualised and quantitative format.	Integrated research of more methods in material management.
Citizen science for sustainable agriculture–A systematic literature review [65]	Sustainable agriculture	Citizen science	To identify emerging trends in citizen-science studies	Increase sample size and make research more stakeholder oriented (Ex. Farmers)
A review of applications and communication technologies for internet of things (IoT) and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based sustainable smart farming [66]	Communication technologies, sustainable smart farming	IoT & UAV based sustainable farming	Identify advantages and usages of IoT and UAV in advanced farming methods, IoT, network functions and network essentials for smart farming	Research required in the areas of resource management, hardware maintenance, security issues arising from connected systems, large scale data maintenance
Research advances and applications of bio-sensing technology for the diagnosis of pathogens in sustainable agriculture [55]	Pathogens detection in sustainable agriculture	Bio-sensing	A review of bio-sensor methods for disease identification in food production and the agricultural industry	Further integration of other techniques in increasing sensitivity of autonomous detection bio-sensors
Integrated technologies toward sustainable agriculture supply chains: missing links [67]	Supply chain	Information communication technology	Finding the missing links in the study of utilizing integrated enabling technologies to achieve sustainable, circular agriculture supply chain	Study the technologies enabling further advancement in reaching UN sustainable development goals
Scientometric analysis of the application of artificial intelligence in agriculture [68]	Agriculture	Artificial Intelligence	Scientometric review to identify the academic collection of the application of artificial intelligence in agriculture	Further research specifically focused on precision farming application of artificial intelligence
Automatic identification of diseases in grains crops through computational approaches: A review [69]	Disease identification	Artificial Neural Network	Review of 109 peer-reviewed articles on early stage detection of diseases on maize, rice, wheat, soybean, and barley to improve production. The article provides an integrated taxonomy of grain plant leaf diseases	Additional accurate classification may be improved by integrating optimization processes or techniques based on fuzzy set theory, rough set theory by utilizing classification algorithms in existing literature
A review of autonomous agricultural vehicles (The experience of Hokkaido University) [70]	Agriculture process automation	Robotics	Review of autonomous agricultural vehicles (AAV), their components and their advantages and disadvantages	Continued development of robotic AAV for the benefit of stakeholder in agriculture
A review of remote sensing applications in agriculture for food security: Crop growth and yield, irrigation, and crop losses [71]	Food security	Remote-sensing	Overview of utilization of satellite remote sensing information in analysis and agriculture management in ecohydrology	Development of algorithms that ascertain the yield in heterogeneous agricultural systems
A systematic literature review on machine learning applications for sustainable agriculture supply chain performance [35]	Supply chain performance	Machine learning	Systematic review of 93 research papers on machine learning (ML) solutions in agricultural supply chain process	Use of ML in transforming present production procedures into data-driven smart manufacturing systems and developing customer focused applications based on consumer purchase behaviour