Table 2.
Average levels of Ca, K, S, Sr, Zn, Cu, and Fe in the different plant samples.
| F | Sample | Ca | K | S | Sr | Zn | Cu | Fe |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apiaceae | Got | 2.5 ± 0.04 a | 6.0 ± 0.04 a | 9475 ± 142 a | 47.7 ± 1.5 a | 115 ± 6 a | 24.7 ± 8.0 b | 728 ± 29.1 a |
| (115 ± 1.6) 23.0% |
(226 ± 2.23) 18.8% |
(95.8 ± 3.94) 50.6% |
(0.57 ± 0.07) 59.7% |
(0.48 ± 0.08) 20.8% |
(0.04 ± 0.003) 8.10% |
(0.28 ± 0.02) 1.92% |
||
| Ani | 1.6 ± 0.03 b | 3.5 ± 0.03 b | 2349 ± 70 b | 48.4 ± 1.5 a | 53.2 ± 4.6 b | 21.1 ± 7.3 b | 242 ± 19.5 b | |
| (67.0 ± 1.24). 20.9% |
(210 ± 2.1) 30.0% |
(23.0 ± 0.96) 48.9% |
(0.27 ± 0.013) 27.9% |
(0.16 ± 0.012) 15.0% |
(0.04 ± 0.003) 9.40% |
(0.16 ± 0.014) 3.30% |
||
| Fen | 2.4 ± 0.04 a | 2.6 ± 0.03 c | 1496 ± 80 c | 15.0 ± 1.1 b | 21.3 ± 4.5 c | 38.1 ± 9.5 a | BDL | |
| (185 ± 2.13) 38.5% |
(217 ± 2.15) 41.7% |
(29.0 ± 1.98) 96.9% |
(0.11 ± 0.009) 36.6% |
(0.21 ± 0.03) 49.3% |
(0.05 ± 0.006) 6.50% |
|||
| Asteraceae | Art | 2.2 ± 0.03 d | 1.5 ± 0.02 f | 1582 ± 66 e | 36.8 ± 1.4 b | 31.3 ± 4.2 e | 30.5 ± 7.9 c | 78.3 ± 17.3 g |
| (200 ± 2.25) 45.4% |
(189 ± 1.94) 63.0% |
(28.0 ± 2.68) 88.5% |
(0.66 ± 0.07) 89.7% |
(0.06 ± 0.005) 9.60% |
(0.03 ± 0.002) 4.90% |
(0.14 ± 0.02) 8.90% |
||
| Mug | 3.2 ± 0.04 c | 3.8 ± 0.03 b | 1954 ± 81 d | 17.7 ± 1.2 f | 36.5 ± 4.9 d | 27.8 ± 9.2 c | 176 ± 21 e | |
| (70.7 ± 1.27) 11.0% |
(205 ± 2.06) 27.0% |
(12.6 ± 0.53) 32.2% |
(0.07 ± 0.004) 19.8% |
(0.12 ± 0.009) 16.4% |
(0.04 ± 0.002) 7.20% |
(0.04 ± 0.006) 1.13% |
||
| Gbu | 0.6 ± 0.02 g | 1.9 ± 0.02 e | 2377 ± 62 c | 27.6 ± 1.1 d | 37.8 ± 3.7 d | 31.1 ± 6.4 c | 1019 ± 27 a | |
| (15.0 ± 0.84) 12.5% |
(171 ± 1.80) 45.0% |
(24.2 ± 1.01) 50.9% |
(0.10 ± 0.006) 18.1% |
(0.08 ± 0.007) 10.6% |
(0.10 ± 0.001) 16.1% |
(0.12 ± 0.03) 0.59% |
||
| Cha | 1.1 ± 0.03 f | 5.6 ± 0.04 a | 2645 ± 97 b | 36.8 ± 1.5 b | 51.7 ± 5.3 c | 42.5 ± 9.4 b | 598 ± 29 b | |
| (31.4 ± 0.97) 14.3% |
(311 ± 2.89) 27.8% |
(34.4 ± 1.43) 65.0% |
(0.16 ± 0.010) 21.7% |
(0.24 ± 0.04) 23.2% |
(0.04 ± 0.003) 4.70% |
(0.08 ± 0.013) 0.67% |
||
| Mth | 4.9 ± 0.06 b | 3.7 ± 0.04 b | 1222 ± 98 f | 78.5 ± 2.0 a | 64.8 ± 5.4 b | 27.8 ± 8.7 c | 389 ± 24 d | |
| (337 ± 3.28) 34.4% |
(370 ± 3.31) 50.0% |
(17.1 ± 0.72) 70.0% |
(0.85 ± 0.11) 54.1% |
(0.24 ± 0.015) 18.5% |
(0.08 ± 0.010) 14.4% |
(0.06 ± 0.007) 0.77% |
||
| Dan | 2.3 ± 0.04 d | 3.8 ± 0.04 b | 2860 ± 86 a | 24.1 ± 1.2 e | 75.0 ± 5.5 a | 23.0 ± 8.1 c | 526 ± 26 c | |
| (165 ± 1.98) 35.9% |
(353 ± 3.22) 46.4% |
(35.8 ± 1.48) 62.6% |
(0.15 ± 0.009) 31.1% |
(0.32 ± 0.04) 21.3% |
(0.06 ± 0.007) 13.0% |
(0.10 ± 0.002) 0.95% |
||
| Ech | 5.6 ± 0.05 a | 3.0 ± 0.03 d | 1830 ± 76 d | 32.6 ± 1.3 c | 19.1 ± 4.0 f | 27.8 ± 9.4 c | 60.2 ± 17.3 g | |
| (509 ± 4.59) 45.4% |
(245 ± 2.38) 40.8% |
(16.9 ± 0.71) 46.2% |
(0.39 ± 0.027) 59.8% |
(0.14 ± 0.012) 36.6% |
(0.02 ± 0.003) 3.60% |
(0.03 ± 0.005) 2.49% |
||
| RCh | 1.8 ± 0.03 e | 3.4 ± 0.03 c | 1033 ± 73 g | 31.1 ± 1.5 c | 31.1 ± 5.1 e | 25.9 ± 10.1 c | 122 ± 21 f | |
| (19.5 ± 0.88) 5.42% |
(192 ± 1.96) 28.2% |
(11.3 ± 0.48) 54.7% |
(0.07 ± 0.006) 11.2% |
(0.18 ± 0.016) 28.9% |
(0.06 ± 0.009) 11.6% |
(0.03 ± 0.006) 1.23% |
||
| Yar | 1.2 ± 0.03 f | 3.5 ± 0.04 c | 1399 ± 104 f | 17.9 ± 1.4 f | 56.4 ± 6.8 b | 53.9 ± 12.7 a | 43 ± 12 h | |
| (35.0 ± 1.00) 14.6% |
(258 ± 2.48) 36.8% |
(17.8 ± 0.74) 63.6% |
(0.07 ± 0.008) 19.6% |
(0.28 ± 0.024) 24.8% |
(0.08 ± 0.012) 7.42% |
(0.03 ± 0.004) 3.49% |
||
| Fabaceae | Car | 0.5 ± 0.02 b | 2.8 ± 0.03 b | 1557 ± 88 c | 11.9 ± 1.0 c | 49.9 ± 5.0 a | 38.2 ± 8.5 a | 120 ± 19 a |
| (9.6 ± 0.72) 9.60% |
(81.9 ± 1.10) 14.6% |
(8.7 ± 0.37) 27.9% |
(0.02 ± 0.002) 8.40% |
(0.22 ± 0.017) 22.0% |
(0.02 ± 0.002) 2.62% |
(0.08 ± 0.015) 3.33% |
||
| Fgr | 0.2 ± 0.01 c | 1.3 ± 0.02 c | 2616 ± 70 b | 13.6 ± 0.8 b | 46.5 ± 4.0 a | 16.8 ± 6.2 b | BDL | |
| (16.3 ± 0.85) 40.8% |
(56.5 ± 0.90) 21.7% |
(8.9 ± 0.17) 17.0% |
BDL | (0.08 ± 0.005) 8.60% |
BDL | ---- | ||
| Sen | 2.5 ± 0.04 a | 4.6 ± 0.04 a | 4724 ± 135 a | 130 ± 3 a | 31.0 ± 4.9 b | 35.8 ± 9.6 a | 96.7 ± 19.6 b | |
| (46.4 ± 1.08) 9.28% |
(180 ± 1.87) 19.5% |
(14.1 ± 0.59) 14.9% |
(1.1 ± 0.076) 42.3% |
(0.16 ± 0.012) 25.8% |
(0.02 ± 0.003) 2.79% |
(0.08 ± 0.011) 4.14% |
||
| Lamiaceae | Rse | 1.8 ± 0.03 f | 1.6 ± 0.02 e | 968 ± 66 e | 29.0 ± 1.3 c | 25.8 ± 4.5 e | 34.4 ± 9.1 a | 317 ± 24 a |
| (97.7 ± 1.47) 27.1% |
(142 ± 1.57) 44.4% |
(16.2 ± 0.88) 83.6% |
(0.25 ± 0.033) 43.1% |
(0.14 ± 0.01) 27.1% |
(0.04 ± 0.005) 5.81% |
(0.03 ± 0.004) 0.47% |
||
| Lav | 2.2 ± 0.03 e | 2.6 ± 0.03 d | 3097 ± 95 d | 75.8 ± 2.1 a | 28.0 ± 4.9 e | 40.2 ± 10.0 a | 198 ± 22 c | |
| (66.4 ± 1.23) 15.1% |
(214 ± 2.13) 41.1% |
(38.8 ± 1.61) 62.6% |
(0.56 ± 0.061) 36.9% |
(0.18 ± 0.03) 32.1% |
(0.04 ± 0.002) 4.98% |
(0.03 ± 0.003) 0.76% |
||
| Lba | 2.7 ± 0.04 c | 5.8 ± 0.04 a | 4416 ± 93 c | 22.1 ± 1.2 d | 51.3 ± 5.3 c | 26.5 ± 9.00 c | 77.5 ± 18.6 d | |
| (114 ± 1.59) 21.1% |
(425 ± 3.78) 36.6% |
(29.1 ± 1.21) 32.9% |
(0.21 ± 0.03) 47.5% |
(0.28 ± 0.02) 27.3% |
(0.04 ± 0.003) 7.55% |
(0.02 ± 0.002) 1.29% |
||
| Pep | 2.5 ± 0.03 d | 3.3 ± 0.03 c | 4751 ± 100 b | 47.6 ± 1.7 b | 36.9 ± 5.1 d | 25.9 ± 9.7 c | 204 ± 23 c | |
| (116 ± 1.61) 23.2% |
(271 ± 2.58) 41.0% |
(51.3 ± 2.12) 54.0% |
(0.38 ± 0.049) 39.9% |
(0.16 ± 0.02) 21.7% |
(0.02 ± 0.003) 3.86% |
(0.03 ± 0.003) 0.74% |
||
| Thy | 2.9 ± 0.04 b | 3.8 ± 0.04 b | 4872 ± 150 b | 9.5 ± 1.1 f | 99.1 ± 7.1 a | 31.3 ± 10.4 b | 193 ± 23 c | |
| (133 ± 1.74) 22.9% |
(229 ± 2.25) 30.1% |
(30.0 ± 1.24) 30.8% |
(0.06 ± 0.004) 31.6% |
(0.44 ± 0.06) 22.2% |
(0.04 ± 0.006) 6.39% |
(0.02 ± 0.006) 0.52% |
||
| Wne | 4.4 ± 0.05 a | 0.6 ± 0.04 f | 5969 ± 147 a | 11.4 ± 1.1 e | 58.9 ± 5.8 b | 29.8 ± 9.9 b | 267 ± 24 b | |
| (58.1 ± 1.17) 6.60% |
(103 ± 1.73) 85.8% |
(38.8 ± 1.60) 32.5% |
(0.04 ± 0.007) 17.5% |
(0.22 ± 0.04) 18.7% |
(0.04 ± 0.004) 6.71% |
(0.05 ± 0.003) 0.94% |
||
| Malvaceae | MMa | 1.4 ± 0.02 c | 1.9 ± 0.02 d | 3618 ± 83 c | 53.1 ± 1.6 a | 34.9 ± 4.4 b | 31.8 ± 8.3 b | 498 ± 25 a |
| (24.1 ± 0.91) 8.60% |
(112 ± 1.33) 29.4% |
(23.5 ± 0.98) 32.5% |
(0.09 ± 0.011) 8.47% |
(0.05 ± 0.007) 7.16% |
(0.04 ± 0.001) 6.28% |
(0.04 ± 0.005) 0.40% |
||
| Ros | 1.6 ± 0.03 b | 2.6 ± 0.02 c | 969 ± 57 d | 64.8 ± 1.6 b | 29.0 ± 3.9 c | BDL | 216 ± 20 b | |
| (167 ± 2.00) 52.2% |
(304 ± 2.84) 58.4% |
(14.4 ± 0.60) 74.3% |
(0.91 ± 0.10) 70.2% |
(0.42 ± 0.06) 72.4% |
---- | (0.56 ± 0.06) 13.0% |
||
| CMa | 3.5 ± 0.05 a | 3.8 ± 0.04 a | 6630 ± 130 a | 31.2 ± 1.6 d | 57.6 ± 6.5 a | 23.0 ± 11.5 b | 131 ± 24 c | |
| (261 ± 2.71) 37.3% |
(347 ± 3.18) 45.6% |
(79.3 ± 3.27) 59.8% |
(0.40 ± 0.05) 64.1% |
(0.44 ± 0.05) 38.2% |
(0.04 ± 0.002) 8.70% |
(0.16 ± 0.021) 6.10% |
||
| Lin | 1.4 ± 0.03 c | 3.1 ± 0.03 b | 4578 ± 160 b | 35.8 ± 1.6 c | 32.6 ± 5.6 b | 46.5 ± 11.5 a | 55.1 ± 24.7 d | |
| (33.8 ± 0.99) 12.1% |
(121 ± 1.41) 19.5% |
(15.8 ± 0.25) 17.2% |
(0.15 ± 0.021) 20.9% |
(0.08 ± 0.006) 12.2% |
(0.02 ± 0.001) 2.15% |
(0.04 ± 0.004) 3.63% |
Average concentrations in the same column and same family, followed by a common letter, are not significantly different (p ≤ 0.05); F = Family; Mean values are expressed in µg g−1 ± standard deviation or in mg g−1 ± standard deviation such as Ca and K; BDL = Below the Detection Limit; Value in parentheses: concentration of each element into the infusion, expressed as mg L−1; all the analysis were performed in triplicate (n = 3); Elemental solubility expressed in %.