Table 4.
Association between DII score (per unit and tertile) and pre-pregnancy BMI and newborn birthweight.
| Tertiles of DII Score (1 = Lower DII Score and 3 = Higher DII Score) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | n = 970 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI, kg/m2 | ||||||
| DII continuous | 970 | 22.43 ± 4.1 | 0.41 (−0.07 to 0.9) | 0.30 (0.10 to 0.49) | 0.29 (0.09 to 0.49) | 0.32 (0.12 to 0.52) |
| DII tertile | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | 323 | 23.41 ± 4.98 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) |
| Tertile 2 | 324 | 23.72 ± 4.28 | 0.45 (−0.77 to 1.67) | 0.44 (−0.06 to 0.93) | 0.41 (−0.09 to 0.92) | 0.42 (−0.08 to 0.92) |
| Tertile 3 | 323 | 24.50 ± 5.05 | 1.35 (−0.03 to 2.72) | 0.82 (0.26 to 1.39) | 0.80 (0.24 to 1.37) | 0.88 (0.31 to 1.45) |
| Birthweight percentile | ||||||
| DII continuous | 970 | 39.87 ± 29.05 | −3.17 (−6.57 to 0.24) | −3.37 (−6.70 to −0.04) | −3.62 (−6.94 to −0.30) | −4.05 (−7.42 to −0.68) |
| DII tertile | ||||||
| Tertile 1 | 323 | 44.22 ± 30.56 | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) | 1 (Ref.) |
| Tertile 2 | 324 | 42.33 ± 28.79 | −2.51 (−11.20 to 6.18) | −2.52 (−10.99 to 5.96) | −3.12 (−11.59 to 5.36) | −3.86 (−12.36 to 4.65) |
| Tertile 3 | 323 | 41.43 ± 30.5 | −7.16 (−16.96 to 2.64) | −8.08 (−17.67 to 1.51) | −8.56 (−18.12 to 0.99) | −9.84 (−19.57 to −0.12) |
DII, dietary inflammatory index; BMI, body mass index. Model 1: unadjusted; Model 2: adjusted for intervention arm (control/stress reduction/MD), body weight, and gestational age at enrollment; Model 3: model 2 + socioeconomic status (low/medium/high), yoga and pilates practice (hours per week), and assisted reproduction techniques (yes/no). Model 4: model 3 + age, parity (nullipara/multipara), ethnicity/race (Asian/Black/Latin American, White/others), alcohol and smoking habits (yes/no).