Table 3.
Total dietary intake and dietary intake at each meal during intervention.
| All Subjects (N = 42) |
AS Group (n = 14) |
BB Group (n = 14) |
C Group (n = 14) |
F | P ➂ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total ➀ | ||||||
| Energy, kcal | 2393 ± 467 | 2428 ± 487 | 2417 ± 449 | 2397 ± 461 | 3.21 | 0. 443 |
| Protein, g | 126 ± 28 | 130 ± 11 | 133 ± 21 | 117 ± 25 | 1.69 | 0.554 |
| Protein, g/kg BW | 1.6 ± 0.51 | 1.7 ± 0.27 | 1.7 ± 0.50 | 1.4 ± 0.37 | 1.221 | 0.361 |
| Fat, g | 85 ± 21 | 90 ± 19 | 80 ± 26 | 89 ± 25 | 2.989 | 0.334 |
| CHO, g | 270 ± 53 | 285 ± 56 | 281 ± 45 | 272 ± 54 | 3.315 | 0.182 |
| VD, ug | 68.6 ± 47.59 | 101.8 ± 0.80 | 102.0 ± 1.09 | 2.1 ± 1.85 | 263.991 | <0.001 |
| Breakfast | ||||||
| Energy, kcal | 541 ± 181 | 637 ± 120 | 450 ± 155 | 535 ± 109 | 20.529 | <0.001 |
| Protein, g | 27 ± 15 | 41 ± 7 | 17 ± 8 | 22 ± 8 | 43.971 | <0.001 |
| Protein, g/kg BW | 0.3 ± 0.12 | 0.5 ± 0.13 | 0.2 ± 0.14 | 0.2 ± 0.09 | 19.376 | <0.001 |
| Fat, g | 18 ± 7 | 18 ± 6 | 17 ± 7 | 19 ± 7 | 2.436 | 0.101 |
| CHO, g | 68 ± 24 | 78 ± 18 | 58 ± 21 | 68 ± 15 | 17.209 | <0.001 |
| Lunch | ||||||
| Energy, kcal | 658 ± 151 | 711 ± 134 | 684 ± 154 | 706 ± 146 | 2.799 | 0.073 |
| Protein, g | 39 ± 10 | 38 ± 8 | 39 ± 9 | 38 ± 9 | 2.651 | 0.832 |
| Protein, g/kg BW | 0.5 ± 0.15 | 0.5 ± 1.46 | 0.6 ± 0.16 | 0.5 ± 0.12 | 1.862 | 0.731 |
| Fat, g | 26 ± 8 | 28 ± 8 | 22 ± 8 | 27 ± 7 | 2.436 | 0.101 |
| CHO, g | 79 ± 21 | 77 ± 19 | 83 ± 21 | 77 ± 17 | 4.126 | 0.213 |
| Dinner | ||||||
| Energy, kcal | 746 ± 229 | 778 ± 153 | 697 ± 145 | 762 ± 210 | 3.294 | 0.048 |
| Protein, g | 39 ± 11 | 37 ± 7 | 40 ± 9 | 40 ± 12 | 3.045 | 0.059 |
| Protein, g/kg BW | 0.5 ± 0.18 | 0.5 ± 0.13 | 0.6 ± 0.16 | 0.6 ± 0.22 | 1.736 | 0.102 |
| Fat, g | 27 ± 10 | 30 ± 9 | 24 ± 9 | 28 ± 12 | 2.27 | 0.117 |
| CHO, g | 85 ± 27 | 90 ± 17 | 78 ± 19 | 89 ± 36 | 2.874 | 0.068 |
| Snacks ➁ | ||||||
| Energy, kcal | 397 ± 214 | 455 ± 214 | 372 ± 257 | 365 ± 152 | 0.474 | 0.628 |
| Protein, g | 17 ± 14 | 14 ± 9 | 20 ± 19 | 16 ± 9 | 0.388 | 0.683 |
| Fat, g | 16 ± 12 | 18 ± 10 | 17 ± 16 | 12 ± 7 | 0.525 | 0.598 |
| CHO, g | 46 ± 30 | 59 ± 35 | 36 ± 31 | 43 ± 19 | 1.494 | 0.244 |
➀ Total intake (protein, fat, CHO, VD) was calculated by the sum of intake for breakfast, lunch, dinner, snacks, and nutritional supplementation/placebo. ➁ “Snack” refers to food intake between meals. ➂ One-way ANOVA was used to evaluate the differences among groups.