Table 6.
Standardized Coefficients (Standard Errors) of the Direct, Indirect, and Total Effects of Component Skills on Writing Quality, Writing Productivity, and Correctness in Writing, Based on the Results in Figure 5
| Writing Quality | Writing Productivity | Correctness in Writing | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Direct | Indirect | Total | Direct | Indirect | Total | Direct | Indirect | Total |
| Reading Comprehension | .30 (.11)* | -- | .30 (.11)* | −.27 (.15) | -- | −.27 (.15) | .08 (.13) | -- | .08 (.13) |
| Discourse Oral Language | .40 (.11)* | .13 (.05)* | .53 (.07)* | -- | −.12 (.06) | −.12 (.06) | -- | .04 (.06) | .04 (.06) |
| Lexical literacy | .22 (.08)* | .22 (.07)* | .38 (.15)* | −.20 (.11) | .18 (.07)* | .47 (.14)* | .06 (.10) | .53 (.06)* | |
| Handwriting Fluency | .34 (.08)* | -- | .34 (.08)* | .64 (.06)* | -- | .64 (.06)* | .36 (.06)* | -- | .36 (.06)* |
| Inference | -- | .12 (.03)* | .12 (.03)* | -- | −.03 (.02) | −.03 (.02) | -- | .01 (.01) | .01 (.01) |
| Perspective Taking | -- | .17 (.03)* | .17 (.03)* | -- | −.04 (.02) | −.04 (.02) | -- | .01 (.02) | .01 (.02) |
| Monitoring | -- | .10 (.03)* | .10 (.03)* | -- | −.02 (.01) | −.02 (.01) | -- | .01 (.01) | .01 (.01) |
| Vocabulary | -- | .22 (.04)* | .22 (.04)* | -- | −.01 (.02) | −.01 (.02) | -- | .10 (.03)* | .10 (.03)* |
| Grammatical Knowledge | -- | .25 (.04)* | .25 (.04)* | -- | −.00 (.02) | −.00 (.02) | -- | .13 (.03)* | .13 (.03)* |
| Working Memory | -- | .20 (.04)* | .20 (.04)* | -- | −.02 (.02) | −.02 (.02) | -- | .07 (.02)* | .07 (.02)* |
| Attention | -- | .41 (.05)* | .41 (.05)* | -- | .29 (.05)* | .29 (.05)* | -- | .43 (.04)* | .51 (.05)* |
*
p < .05.
Discourse oral language was composed of listening comprehension and oral production; Lexical literacy was composed to word reading and spelling; perspective taking was measured by theory of mind.