Table 3.

Unique trauma-informed care interventions by theme.

Interventions	Publications including intervention
Education
Educational needs assessment	35–37, 39
Education through didactic lecture	35–38, 40, 41
Education through online modules	39
Education through standardized patient exercises	36
Tracking clinician outcomes (knowledge, confidence)	35, 36, 37, 39, 41
Tracking patient outcomes	35,37
Education on trauma impacts	35–39, 42
Education on TIC provision for survivors of sexual assault	35, 36
Education on mental health and TIC	37, 41
Education on pediatric traumatic stress	39
Collaboration
Participatory action model	35
Educational content production collaboration	36, 38
Interprofessional collaboration	35–38, 40, 42
Collaboration between physician specialties	36, 40, 44
Collaboration with community organizations	35, 36,38, 40, 44
Collecting patient perspectives	38
Coordinating outpatient care and follow-up	38, 40, 43, 44
Safety
Immediate safety assessment	38, 40, 43, 44
Safety planning prior to discharge	38, 40, 43, 44
Trauma screening	38, 40, 43, 44
Psychological first aid for patients and staff	42
Direction to additional resources and appropriate escalation of care	38, 41–43
Enhanced patient privacy	40
ED lockdown with security threat	40
Leadership
Engage community leaders	35, 38
Engage hospital leadership	37, 42
TIC Protocols
Violence intervention and prevention programs	38, 44
Human trafficking	40
Environmental Analysis
Analysis of department layout	35, 37
Analysis of patient care areas	35, 37
Peer support
Patient peer support groups	38, 42
Staff peer support groups	42

TIC, trauma-informed care.