Table 3.
One-stage analysis for secondary outcome of physiological markers
| Number of studies | Testosterone treatment group | Placebo group | Mean difference (95% CI) | τ2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Testosterone, nmol/L | 16 | 17·27 (10·34); 1211 | 9·87 (3·98); 1156 | 7·24 (5·07 to 9·41) | 17·01 |
| Free testosterone, pmol/L | 12 | 426·70 (368·42); 1058 | 203·57 (86·24); 1027 | 186·40 (115·91 to 256·90) | 13 741·90 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/L | 12 | 6·50 (2·09); 1259 | 6·75 (2·38); 1181 | −0·16 (−0·24 to −0·07) | 0·00 |
| Fasting glucose sensitivity*, mmol/L | 11 | 6·04 (1·69); 946 | 6·24 (2·04); 897 | −0·13 (−0·28 to 0·02) | 0·04 |
| Cholesterol, mmol/L | 14 | 4·51 (1·05); 1388 | 4·67 (1·11); 1314 | −0·15 (−0·20 to −0·10) | 0·00 |
| Low-density lipoproteins cholesterol, mmol/L | 14 | 2·69 (0·98); 1378 | 2·70 (0·98); 1299 | −0·03 (−0·08 to 0·01) | 0·00 |
| High-density lipoproteins cholesterol, mmol/L | 14 | 1·15 (0·33); 1384 | 1·21 (0·39); 1312 | −0·06 (−0·08 to −0·04) | 0·00 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 14 | 1·73 (1·30); 1368 | 1·89 (1·51); 1297 | −0·09 (−0·18 to −0·00) | 0·01 |
| Haemoglobin, g/L | 13 | 153·53 (14·71); 1291 | 143·58 (12·67); 1206 | 10·87 (8·19 to 13·55) | 20·80 |
| Haematocrit (%) | 15 | 46·06 (4·37); 1399 | 42·94 (3·77); 1309 | 3·15 (2·42 to 3·88) | 1·77 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8 | 6·46 (1·12); 748 | 6·58 (1·21); 742 | −0·09 (−0·25 to 0·06) | 0·03 |
| HbA1c (%) sensitivity* | 7 | 6·14 (0·94); 519 | 6·24 (1·08); 523 | −0·89 (−2·43 to 0·64) | 4·29 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 10 | 134·11 (17·14); 1069 | 133·31 (16·64); 1041 | 0·99 (−0·08 to 2·06) | 0·00 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 10 | 77·20 (11·03); 1069 | 76·84 (10·98); 1041 | 0·48 (−0·30 to 1·26) | 0·15 |
Data are mean (SD), unless otherwise specified. Outcomes were analysed using a random-effects model.
*
Participants with diabetes at baseline were excluded.