Table 1.
General information of analyzed studies.
| Author (ref. No) | Year | Patient recruitment | Study type | Patient/lesion level analysis | Number of patients | Number of patients with insign. CA | Number of patients with sign. CA | Number of lesions | Number of lesion with insign. CA | Number of lesions with sign. CA | Definition sign. CA | Includes patient under active surveillance | PSA mean/median | Age mean/median | Prostate volume mean/median | Previous biopsy status (biopsy-naive, prior-negative biopsy, mixed, not defined) | Verification | Biopsy technique |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bao [19] | 2020 | 01/2018–12/2019 | retrospective | patient level analysis | 638 | 32 | 287 | NR | NR | NR | Gleason Score ≥ 7a | NR | 21.72/11.7 | NR/69 | NR/NR | not defined | lesion + systematic biopsy | mixed |
| Brancato [20] | 2020 | 04/2013–09/2018 | retrospective | lesion level analysis | 111 | 34 | 38 | 117 | 37 | 41 | Gleason Score ≥ 7a | NR | 11.29/8 | NR/69 | 57.5/NR | not defined | lesion + systematic biopsy | mixed |
| Byun [21] | 2020 | 01/2018–06/2018 | retrospective | lesion level analysis | 142 | 21 | 121 | 201 | 13 | 70 | Gleason score ≥ 7a and/or a volume ≥ 0.5 cm3, and/or extracapsular extension according to PI-RADS v2 | no | 8.33/NR | 67/NR | 32.83/NR | not defined | prostatectomy | RP |
| Costa [22] | 2020 | 04/2019–04/2020 | retrospective | lesion level analysis | 103 | 14 | 10 | 110 | 14 | 10 | Gleason Score ≥ 7a | yes | NR/NR | NR/NR | NR/NR | not defined | mixed | mixed |
| Falagario [23] | 2020 | 03/2013–05/2017 | retrospective | patient level analysis | 451 | 76 | 211 | NR | NR | NR | Gleason Score ≥ 7a | no | NR/NR | NR/NR | NR/NR | no biopsy 6 months prior to MRI | lesion + systematic biopsy | mixed |
| Gorin [24] | 2019 | 02/2018–06/2019 | mixeda | lesion level analysis | 95 | 27 | NR | 124 | 27 | 52 | Gleason Score ≥ 7a | yes | NR/6.9 | NR/68.8 | 36/NR | not defined | lesion + systematic biopsy | US cognitive |
| Han [25] | 2020 | 06/2010–05/2017 | retrospective | patient level analysis | 123 | 13 | 37 | NR | NR | NR | Gleason Score ≥ 7a | NR | 7.2/NR | 66.3/NR | NR/NR | not defined | lesion + systematic biopsy | US cognitive |
| Hosseiny [26] | 2020 | 02/2014–07/2018 | retrospective | patient level analysis | 79 | 6 | 30 | 99 | 6 | 33 | Gleason Score ≥ 7a | no | NR/8.6 | 64.1/NR | NR/54 | prior-negative biopsy | lesion biopsy | in-bore |
| HosseinyB [27] | 2020 | 02/2012–03/2019 | retrospective | lesion level analysis | 379 | 69 | 193 | 475 | 97 | 208 | Gleason score ≥ 7a | yes (separate analysis) | NR/NR | NR/NR | NR/NR | mixed | lesion biopsy | in-bore |
| Hötker [28] | 2020 | 01/2015–12/2017 | retrospective | patient level analysis | 229 | 26 | 122 | NR | NR | NR | Gleason score ≥ 7a | NR | 8.2/NR | 63.1/NR | 50.73/46.44 | not defined | lesion + systematic biopsy | MRI-US fusion transperineal |
| Lim [29] | 2020 | 01/2015–07/2018 | retrospective | lesion level analysis | 104 | NR | NR | 109 | 21 | 14 | Gleason Score ≥ 7a | NR | 10.6/NR | 64.8/NR | 71/NR | not defined | lesion biopsy | US cognitive |
| Rudolph [30] | 2020 | 01/2012–07/2015 | retrospective | lesion level analysis | 333 | 64 | 152 | 359 | 58 | 135 | Gleason score ≥ 7a | NR | 12.8/NR | 66.8/NR | 62.8/NR | not defined | lesion + systematic biopsy | MRI-US fusion transrectal |
| Tamada [31] | 2021 | 03/2019–01/2020 | retrospective | lesion level analysis | 103 | NR | NR | 165 | NR | 81 | Gleason Score ≥ 7a and tumor diameter ≥ 5 mm, or Gleason Score = 3 + 3 and tumor size ≥ 0.5 mL (tumor diameter ≥ 8 mm) | NR | NR/6.92 | 69.8/NR | NR/NR | not defined | mixed | mixed |
| Vilanova [32] | 2020 | 07/2019–03/2020 | prospective | lesion level analysis | 30 | 3 | 19 | 30 | 3 | 19 | Gleason Score ≥ 7a or maximum cancer core length > 3 mm for Gleason 6 | NR | 13.1/NR | 66/NR | 47.2/NR | mixed | lesion biopsy | in-bore |
| Walker [33] | 2020 | 04/2019–09/2019 | prospective | both | 110 | 16 | 43 | 171 | 17 | 57 | Gleason score ≥ 7a | NR | NR/5.79 | NR/66 | NR/55.5 | not defined | lesion + systematic biopsy | MRI-US fusion transrectal |
| Wang [34] | 2020 | 03/2016–10/2018 | retrospective | patient level analysis | 584 | NR | 111 | NR | NR | NR | Gleason Grade Group ≥ 1 However, distribution of Gleason grade groups is provided in supplement, we use ≥7a | NR | NR/NR | NR/NR | NR/NR | not defined | lesion biopsy | MRI-US fusion transrectal |
| Xu [35] | 2020 | 01/2017–12/2017 | retrospective | lesion level analysis | 85 | 2 | 25 | 85 | 2 | 25 | Gleason Score ≥ 7a and/or volume > 0.5 mL, and/or extraprostatic extension | NR | NR/9.08 | 67.85/NR | 56.85/NR | not defined | systematic only, saturation biopsy | transperineal saturation |
NR not reported
aNot reported whether blinded re-reading was performed, it is explicitly stated that MRI studies were graded using PI-RADSv2.1.