Table 6.
Artificial guts used to determine the efficacy of feed additives and estimation of caecal fermentation.
| Simulated portion of the gut | Assay condition |
Simulated animal/species | Reference | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proventriculus/Gizzard (gastric phase) |
Small intestine (SI phase) |
|||||||||
| Commercial enzyme/chemical | Incubation time, min | T, °C | pH | Commercial enzyme/chemical | Incubation time, min | T, °C | pH | |||
| Crop, gastric and SI phases | Pepsin, HCl | 30 (crop, pH 4.5) + 15 (proventriculus, pH 4.4) + 90 (gizzard) | 41.4 | 2.6 | Pancreatin | 90 | 41.4 | 6.2 | Broiler chicken | Chang and Chen (2000) |
| 15 (caeca) | 6.3 (caeca) | |||||||||
| Crop, gastric and SI phases | Pepsin, HCl | 45 (crop, pH 4.6) + 90 (proventriculus/gizzard) | 41.4 | 2.5 | Pancreatin | 150 | 41.4 | 6.2 | Broiler chicken | Wali and Beal. (2011) |
| 15 (caeca) | ||||||||||
| Crop, gastric and SI phases | Pepsin, HCl | 30 (crop, pH 5.2) + 45 (proventriculus) | 40 | 1.4–2.0 | Pancreatin | 120 | 40 | 6.4–6.8 | Broiler chicken | Latorre et al. (2015) |
| Crop, gastric, SI and caeca | Pepsin, HCl | 30 (crop, pH 6.0) + 30 (proventriculus) | 40 | 2.5 (proventriculus), 3.0 (gizzard) | Pancreatin, Sodium bicarbonate, bile salt | 120 | 40 | 6.2 | Broiler chicken | Oliveira et al. (2019) |
| 60 (gizzard) | 20 (caeca) | 7.0 (Caeca) | ||||||||
SI = small intestine; T = temperature.