Table 4.

The alterations observed in the 20 most discriminating (according to the one-way ANOVA) CER species (CER[NS], CER[NDS]) in the plasma of healthy subjects (Control) and TBE patients (TBE) and TBE patients with co-infections (TBE + LD/HGA).

CER class	CER specie	Log2 (fold-change)
		TBE vs Control	p-value	TBE + LD/HGA vs Control	p-value	TBE + LD/HGA vs TBE	p-value
CER[NS]	Cer(d18:1/22:0)	4.97 ↑	****	2.21 ↓	*	7.18 ↓	****
CER[NS]	Cer(d18:1/24:1)	5.28 ↑	****	3.33 ↓	****	8.62 ↓	****
CER[NS]	Cer(d18:1/26:1)	1.94 ↑	****	4.37 ↓	**	6.31 ↓	****
CER[NS]	Cer(d18:1/26:0)	1.43 ↑	****	3.77 ↓	**	5.20 ↓	****
CER[NS]	Cer(d18:1/16:0)	2.31 ↑	****	2.75 ↓	**	5.07 ↓	****
CER[NS]	Cer(d18:2/22:0)	4.56 ↑	****	1.97 ↓	**	6.53 ↓	****
CER[NS]	Cer(d18:1/24:0)	4.03 ↑	****	4.01 ↓	*	8.05 ↓	****
CER[NS]	Cer(d18:1/20:0)	2.46 ↑	****	2.14 ↓	*	4.60 ↓	****
CER[NDS]	Cer(d18:0/18:0)	2.42 ↑	****	1.21 ↓	*	3.63 ↓	****
CER[NS]	Cer(d18:1/18:1)	2.02 ↑	****	1.45 ↓	*	3.48 ↓	****
CER[NS]	Cer(d18:2/16:0)	1.83 ↑	****	1.50 ↓	*	3.34 ↓	****
CER[NDS]	Cer(d18:0/22:0)	2.28 ↑	****	1.29 ↓	*	3.56 ↓	****
CER[NDS]	Cer(d18:0/16:0)	2.17 ↑	****	–	ns	3.14 ↓	****
CER[NS]	Cer(d18:1/18:0)	1.67 ↑	*	2.41 ↓	**	4.08 ↓	****
CER[NDS]	Cer(d18:0/18:1)	1.41 ↑	****	1.14 ↓	*	2.56 ↓	****
CER[NS]	Cer(d18:2/18:1)	–	ns	–	ns	1.94 ↓	***
CER[NDS]	Cer(d18:0/24:0)	–	ns	2.30 ↓	**	2.98 ↓	**
CER[NDS]	Cer(d18:0/26:1)	1.19 ↓	*	2.83 ↓	*	1.63 ↓	*
CER[NDS]	Cer(d18:0/20:0)	1.86 ↑	**	–	ns	2.67 ↓	**
CER[NDS]	Cer(d18:0/24:1)	1.82 ↑	*	2.56 ↓	*	4.39 ↓	***

All the alterations are significant at the P < 0.05 level. (non-hydroxy fatty acid [N], α-hydroxy fatty acid [A], dihydrosphingosine [DS], sphingosine [S]); mean difference was significant at the 0.05 level (p < 0.0001****; p < 0.001***; p < 0.01**; p < 0.05*; n.s. – not significant; the up arrows represent up-regulation and down arrows represent down-regulation.