Table 1.
GFAP Isoforms and Proof of mRNA and Protein Expression.
| GFAP variant | mRNA | Protein | References (PMIDS) |
|---|---|---|---|
| α | Human, mouse, rat | Human, mouse, rat | (1, 2, 3) + many other papers |
| β | Human, mouse, rat | No proof (no specific antibody available) | (3, 4, 5, 6, 7) |
| γ | Human, mouse | No proof (no specific antibody available) | (3, 7) |
| δ = ε | Human, mouse, pig | Human, mouse | (3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13) |
| ζ | Human, mouse | No proof (no specific antibody available) | (3, 7, 14) |
| Δ135 | Human Not in: mouse |
No proof (because GFAP-pan antibodies cannot discriminate between α and Δ135) | (3, 15) |
| Δ164 | Human Not in: mouse |
Human: note-hGFAP+1 antibody cannot discriminate between Δ164, Δexon6, Δexon7 | (11, 15, 16) |
| Δexon6 | Human Not in: mouse |
See Δ164 | (11, 15, 16) |
| Δexon7 | Human, mouse | Human: note-hGFAP+1 antibody cannot discriminate between Δ164,
Δexon6, Δexon7. Not in: mouse (mGFAP+1 antibody recognizes Δ164, Δexon6, Δexon7 recombinant mouse proteins but does not stain mouse brain tissue) |
(3, 7) |
| κ | Human, mouse, pig | No evidence for protein expression in mice and humans: Three mouse-specific GFAPκ antibodies and 1 human-specific recognize recombinant protein but do not stain brain tissue. | (3, 7, 13) |
| λ | Human | Human (can be identified with anti-GFAPδ) | (17) |
| μ | Human | Human spinal cord (band of right size on Western blot) | (18) |
References: (1) (Lewis et al., 1984), (2) (Brenner et al., 1990), (3) (Kamphuis et al., 2012), (4) (Feinstein et al., 1992), (5) (Galea et al., 1995), (6) (Condorelli et al., 1999b), (7) (Kamphuis et al., 2014), (8) (Roelofs et al., 2005), (9) (Mamber et al., 2012), (10) (Middeldorp et al., 2010), (11) (Middeldorp et al., 2009), (12) (Stassen et al., 2017), (13) (Blechingberg et al., 2007a), (14) (Zelenika et al., 1995), (15) (Boer et al., 2010), (16) (Hol et al., 2003), (17) (Helman et al., 2020), (18) (van Bodegraven et al., 2021).