Table 3.
Pooled, and stratified by received respiratory support 12-month outcomes.
| Pooled | Stratified | OR (95% CI), p-value | aOR# (95% CI), p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | No supplemental oxygen or low-flow oxygen, n (%) | HFNC or NIV or IMV, n (%) | |||
| 344 | 276 | 68 | |||
| Outcomes | |||||
| Symptoms | 87/344 (25.3) | 57 (20.6) | 30 (44.1) | 3.03 (1.73–5.31), < 0.01 | 3.66 (1.73–7.74), < 0.01 |
| Dyspnea | 42/345 (12.2) | 29 (10.5) | 13 (18.8) | 1.98 (0.97–4.04), 0.06 | 1.87 (0.73–4.76), 0.19 |
| mMRC scale 0 | 303 (87.8) | 247 (89.5) | 56 (81.1) | *1.98 (0.97–4.04), 0.06 | *1.87 (0.73–4.76), 0.19 |
| mMRC scale 1 | 32 (9.3) | 23 (8.3) | 9 (13.0) | ||
| mMRC scale 2 | 6 (1.7) | 4 (1.5) | 2 (2.9) | ||
| mMRC scale 3 | 3 (0.9) | 2 (0.7) | 1 (1.5) | ||
| mMRC scale 4 | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | ||
| Neurological symptoms | 35/345 (10.1) | 15 (5.4) | 20 (29.0) | 7.10 (3.40–14.82), < 0.01 | 8.96 (3.22–24.90), < 0.01 |
| COVID-related re-hospitalization | 5/377 (1.3) | 5/302 (1.7) | 0/75 (0.0), (p§ = 0.59) | Not performable | Not performable |
| Overall 12-month mortality | 94/471 (20.0) | 79/381 (20.7) | 15/90 (16.7) | 0.76 (0.42–1.40), 0.39 | 0.54 (0.24–1.20), 0.13 |
| IgG | 192/224 (85.7) | 137/161 (85.6) | 55/62 (85.9) | 1.03 (0.45–2.36), 0.95 | 1.82 (0.56–5.87), 0.32 |
| Vaccinated | 132/322 (41.0) | ||||
| Walking test 0 | 7/11 (63.6) | 6 (75.0) | 1 (33.3) | *6.00 (0.33–107.42), 0.22 | Not performable |
| Walking test 1 | 4/11 (36.4) | 2 (25.0) | 2 (66.7) | ||
| Walking test 2 | 0/11 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
| Parenchymal CT 0, 1, 2 (normal or mild damage) | 46/47 (97.9) | 12 (100.0) | 34 (97.1) | Not performable | Not performable |
| Parenchymal CT 3, 4 (moderate to severe damage) | 1/47 (2.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.9), (p§ = 1.00) | ||
| Interstitial CT 0, 1, 2 (normal or mild damage) | 10/47 (21.3) | 4 (33.3) | 6 (17.1) | 2.42 (0.55–10.70), 0.25 | 0.83 (0.07–9.15), 0.88 |
| Interstitial CT 3, 4 (moderate to severe damage) | 37/47 (78.7) | 8 (66.7) | 29 (82.9), 0.25 | ||
CT computed tomography, HFNC high-flow nasal cannula, IgG immunoglobulin G, IMV invasive mechanical ventilation, mMRC Modified Medical Research Council, NIV non-invasive mechanical ventilation, TC computed tomography.
*For every 1 point increase.
#Adjusted for gender, age, obesity, and NEWS2 (National Early Warning Score 2) at admission.
§Fischer exact test.