Table 4.

Comparison of recent works on stretchable antennas for strain sensing.

Description	Strain Type	Stretchability/Max. Bending	Sensitivity to Strain	Year	Ref.
Sinusoidal dipole antenna *	Stretching	30%	0.40	2022	This work
Serpentine meshed patch over ground plane	Stretching	40%	0.20	2021	[7]
Serpentine meshed in patch and ground planes	Stretching	100%	0.25	2021	[7]
RFID Meandered half-wave dipole in Ecoflex	Stretching	Not provided	0.141 **	2019	Based on [8]
Flexible planar dipole antenna over Kepton tape	Stretching	Not provided	0.066 **	2012	Based on [42]
Liquid metal loop antenna	Stretching	40%	0.18	2009	[43]
Graphene patch antenna over copper tape	Bending	Not provided	1.4	2021	[9]
Flexible multi-layer graphene film	Bending	Not provided	5.39	2018	[10]
Aluminum tape patch over cellulose substrate	Bending	${160}^{°}$	3.49	2016	[11]

* With the assumption of $n=9$ and the initial $SR=0.3$. In the case of using adequately thin wires, a higher initial $SR$ and therefore higher stretchability could be achieved. ** The original author does not provide the sensitivity directly. The presented value is calculated from the reported data.