Table 2.
Effect size of interventions designed to improve menstrual knowledge
| Study type and measure | First author and date of publication | Intervention | Number of questions/N | Reliability/ Cronbach’s alpha (except where stated otherwise) |
Sample size/n | Treatment | Mean/arbitrary units (except where stated otherwise) | SD/arbitrary units (except where stated otherwise) | Number of individuals scoring>75% (good) | % change in number of individuals scoring>75% | Statistical test/p value | Effect size/Cohen’s d/rank and impact |
| Control and intervention pretest, post-test | Blake et al 2018 | Distribution of puberty education books in the local language | 9 | 0.77 | 318 | Control | (Mean difference=0.18) | (Pooled SD=1.4) | No data | Wald χ2,<0.001 | 0.79 Second low |
|
| 318 | Intervention | (MD=1.06) | (Pooled SD=1.52) | |||||||||
| Jarrahi et al 2020 | Small group and peer teaching | 34 | 0.78 | 30 | Control pre | 45.1 | 8.4 | No data | Kruskal-Wallis test,<0.001 | Small group 5.34 Eighth high |
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| 30 | Control post | 52.2 | 1 | |||||||||
| 30 | Intervention 1 pre (small group) | 48.3 | 6.1 | |||||||||
| 30 | Intervention 1 post | 84.5 | 8.5 | Peer group 10.04 Nineth high |
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| 30 | Intervention 2 pre (peer) | 44.1 | 1.7 | |||||||||
| 30 | Intervention 2 post | 93.3 | 5.7 | |||||||||
| Setyowati et al 2019 | Booklet distriution | 14 | 0.886 | 87 | Control pre | No data | No data | No data | No data | χ2 <0.001 | (Medium) | |
| 87 | Control post | 17.2 | ||||||||||
| 87 | Intervention pre | 58.6 | 54.95 | |||||||||
| 87 | Intervention post | 90.8 | ||||||||||
| Sharma et al 2015 | Interactive teaching programme led by school nurses | 15 | Test, retest r=0.93 | 25 | Control pre | 8.02 | No data | No data | T-test<0.001 | 4.48 Sixth medium |
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| 25 | Control post | 8.06 | ||||||||||
| 25 | Intervention pre | 8.04 | ||||||||||
| 25 | Intervention post | 12.6 | ||||||||||
| Su et al 2016 | Lecture, question and answer session | 13 | KR20=0.64 | 56 | Control pre | 5.5 | 2.54 | No data | T-test<0.001 | 2.13 Fifth medium |
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| 56 | Control post | 5.71 | 2.3 | |||||||||
| 60 | Intervention pre | 5.73 | 2.56 | |||||||||
| 60 | Intervention post | 10.22 | 1.92 | |||||||||
| Valizadeh et al 2017 | Lecture, booklet and pamphlets | 15 | 0.72 | 120 | Control pre | 8.5 | 2.5 | No data | General linear model <0.002 | 0.33 First low |
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| 120 | Control post | 9.1 | 2.4 | |||||||||
| 124 | Intervention pre | 8.2 | 2 | |||||||||
| 124 | Intervention post | 9.8 | 1.8 | |||||||||
| Kheirollahi et al 2017 | Lecture, question and answer session | 23 (100 point scale) | 0.8 | 76 | Control pre | 52.58 | 6.58 | No data | T-test<0.001 | 4.81 Seventh medium |
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| 76 | Control post | 52.77 | 6.87 | |||||||||
| 76 | Intervention pre | 55.83 | 6.77 | |||||||||
| 76 | Intervention post | 86.36 | 7.11 | |||||||||
| Control and intervention post-test only | Hurwitz et al 2017 | Health education videos, using animation | 27 | 0.72 | 40 | Control | 11.27 | 3.73 | No data | T-test<0.001 | 1.40 Third low |
|
| 40 | Intervention | 15.67 | 2.4 | |||||||||
| One group pretest, post-test | Arasteh et al 2019 | Group counselling and pamphlets | 15 | 0.8 | 30 | Pre | 6.8 | 3.32 | No data | χ2 <0.001 | 1.64 Fourth low |
|
| 30 | Post | 11.3 | 2 | |||||||||
| Haque et al 2014 | Training with field manual by medical professionals | 10 | 0.73 | 416 | Pre | No data | No data | 51 | 61.57 | χ2 <0.05 | (High) | |
| 416 | Post | 82.4 | ||||||||||
| Chadawada et al 2017 | Didactic teaching with posters and videos | 4 | No data | 250 | Pre | 72.7 | 19.12 | χ2 <0.05 | (Low) | |||
| 250 | Post | 86.6 | ||||||||||