Table 6. Summary of the Various Types of Radiolabeled Nanoparticles Used for Direct Cell Labeling, along with the Corresponding Radionuclides and the Cell Type Labeled.
| cell labeling agent (nanoparticle) | radionuclide | cell type labeled | ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| chitosan nanoparticles | 64Cu | WBCs | (205, 206) |
| 89Zr | |||
| exosome-mimetic vesicles | 99mTc | WBCs | (207) |
| carboxymethylcellulose-based nanoparticles | 68Ga | WBCs | (208) |
| gold nanoparticles | 125I | dendritic cells | (209) |
| 124I | |||
| 64Cu | CAR T-cells | (210) | |
| protamine–heparin mixture | 89Zr | hematopoietic progenitor cells | (211) |
| SPIONs | 64Cu | CAR T-cells | (212) |
| 18F | mesenchymal stem cells | (213, 214) | |
| 111In | adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) | (215) | |
| silica nanoparticles | 131I | bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) | (216) |
| 68Ga | breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) | (217) | |
| 89Zr | CAR T-cells | (218) |