Table 5. Determinants of intubation and mortality in patients admitted to ICU due to COVID-19.
| Variables | All Patients | Intubation | Survival status | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | P value | Died | Survived | P value | |||
| N (%) | 50 (100.0) | 28 (56.0) | 22 (44.0) | – | 22 (44.0) | 28 (56.0) | – | |
| Age (years) | 66.3±13.4 | 66.3±10.4 | 66.2±16.7 | 0.99 | 69.1±12.0 | 64.1±14.2 | 0.19 | |
| Sex, n (% women) | 23 (46.0) | 8 (28.6) | 15 (68.2) | 0.01 | 8 (36.4) | 15 (53.6) | 0.26 | |
| BMI (kg/m²) | 31.4±7.4 | 31.7±7.2 | 30.9±7.9 | 0.70 | 32.6±7.8 | 30.4±7.1 | 0.29 | |
| ARDS, n (%) | ||||||||
| No ARDS | 5 (10.0) | 0 | 5 (22.7) | 0.001 | 0 | 5 (17.9) | 0.059 | |
| Mild ARDS | 3 (6.0) | 1 (3.6) | 2 (9.1) | 0.58 | 0 | 3 (10.7) | 0.25 | |
| Moderate ARDS | 9 (18.0) | 1 (3.6) | 8 (36.4) | 0.007 | 2 (9.1) | 7 (25.0) | 0.27 | |
| Severe ARDS | 33 (66.0) | 26 (92.9) | 7 (31.8) | <0.0001 | 20 (90.9) | 13 (46.4) | 0.001 | |
| pO2/FiO2 (mmHg) | ||||||||
| On admission | 151±93 | 114±68 | 198±102 | 0.002 | 107±43 | 185±108 | 0.001 | |
| After 24 h | 137±72 | 114±46 | 167±88 | 0.015 | 104±32 | 164±84 | 0.001 | |
| Lowest value | 101±58 | 79±40 | 128±66 | 0.004 | 75±22 | 120±70 | 0.003 | |
| SOFA score | ||||||||
| On admission | 5.6±2.9 | 6.2±2.7 | 4.8±2.5 | 0.06 | 6.2±2.8 | 5.1±2.5 | 0.17 | |
| After 24 h | 7.0±3.8 | 8.1±3.5 | 5.9±3.7 | 0.04 | 8.0±3.5 | 6.4±3.8 | 0.12 | |
| CCI | 3.9±2.4 | 3.7±2.1 | 3.6±2.5 | 0.85 | 4.1±2.3 | 3.3±2.2 | 0.18 | |
| NIV prior to ICU, n (%) | 23 (46.0) | 16 (57.1) | 7 (31.8) | 0.09 | 13 (59.1) | 10 (35.7) | 0.15 | |
| Days NIV prior to ICU | 4.7±4.9 | 5.1±5.4 | 3.6±3.7 | 0.35 | 6.3±5.9 | 2.5±2.0 | 0.046 | |
| Days NIV ≥5 prior to ICU, n (%) | 7 (14.0) | 5 (17.9) | 2 (9.1) | 0.44 | 6 (27.3) | 1 (3.6) | 0.035 | |
| Hospitalization prior to ICU, median (IQR) (days) | 1 (0; 4) | 2 (0; 4) | 0 (0; 5) | 0.32 | 2 (0; 7) | 0 (0; 3) | 0.083 | |
Data were presented as mean ± standard deviation if not otherwise specified. ICU, intensive care unit; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; BMI, body mass index; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; pO2, partial pressure of oxygen; FiO2, inspiratory oxygen fraction; SOFA, sepsis organ failure assessment; CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; NIV, non-invasive ventilation; IQR, interquartile range.