Table 1. Incorporate the general characteristics of the study.
| Research | Research design | NCT number | Sample size | Average age (years) | Condition | Gender | Intervention drugs | Control group | Follow-up time | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | Female | Female (%) | |||||||||
| VERTIS CV (10) | RCT | NCT01986881 | 8,246 | 64.4±8.1 | T2D | 5,769 | 2,477 | 30 | Ertugliflozin | Placebo | 6 y |
| BMS-512148 (11) | RCT | NCT00528372 | 407 | <65 | T2D | 50.5 | Dapagliflozin | Placebo | 102 w | ||
| BI10773 (12) | RCT | NCT01164501 | 741 | 63.9±8.8 | T2D Renal insufficiency | 430 | 308 | 41.7 | Empagliflozin | Placebo | 52 w |
| CANTATA-SU (13) | RCT | NCT00968812 | 1,452 | 56.2±9.22 | T2D | 756 | 694 | 47.9 | Canagliflozin | Glimepiride metformin | 104 w |
| NCT01106651 (2014) (14) | RCT | NCT01106651 | 716 | 63.6±6.24 | T2D | 396 | 318 | 44.5 | Canagliflozin | Placebo | 104 w |
| Sulfonylureas | |||||||||||
| DPP-4 inhibitor | |||||||||||
| Metformin | |||||||||||
| Insulin and its combination | |||||||||||
| CANVAS (15) | RCT | NCT01032629 | 4,330 | 62.4±8.02 | T2D High risk factors of cardiovascular disease | 2,861 | 1,469 | 33.9 | Canagliflozin | Placebo | 338 w |
| MK-8835-001 (16) | RCT | NCT01986855 | 468 | 67.3±8.6 | T2D | 231 | 236 | 50.5 | Ertugliflozin | Placebo | 52 w |
| JNJ-28431754 (17) | RCT | NCT01989754 | 5,813 | 64±8.35 | T2D Nephrotic syndrome | 3,648 | 2,164 | 37.2 | Canagliflozin | Placebo | 156 w |
| CREDENCE (18) | RCT | NCT02065791 | 4,401 | 63±9.2 | T2D Diabetic nephropathy | 2,907 | 1,494 | 66.1 | Canagliflozin | Placebo | 66 m |
| PIONEER 2 (19) | RCT | NCT02863328 | 822 | 58±10 | T2D | 415 | 406 | 49.5 | Empagliflozin | Semaglutide | 52 w |
| LIK006 (20) | RCT | NCT03152552 | 125 | 67.8±9.17 | T2D Cardiac failure | 89 | 35 | 28.2 | Lisiglitazone/Empagliflozin | Placebo | 36 w |
| DECLARE-TIMI58 (21) | RCT | NCT01730534 | 17,190 | 63.9±6.8 | T2D | 10,738 | 6,422 | 62.6 | Dapagliflozin | Placebo Metformin sulfonylureas |
5.2 y |
| High risk factors of cardiovascular disease | |||||||||||
| CANTATA-MSU (22) | RCT | NCT01106625 | 469 | 56.7±9.3 | T2D | 239 | 230 | 49.0 | Canagliflozin | Placebo | 52 w |
| Metformin sulfonylureas | |||||||||||
| NCT01734785 (2016) (23) | RCT | NCT01734785 | 332 | 55.2±9.7 | T2D | 198 | 134 | 40.4 | Empagliflozin | Placebo | 24 w |
| Metformin linagliptin | |||||||||||
| NCT00528879 (2015) (24) | RCT | NCT00528879 | 546 | 53.9 | T2D | 292 | 254 | 46.5 | Dapagliflozin | Placebo | 102 w |
| Metformin | |||||||||||
| NCT01381900 (2014) (25) | RCT | NCT01381900 | 678 | 56.3±8.94 | T2D | 362 | 314 | 46.4 | Canagliflozin | Placebo | 18 w |
| Metformin sulfonylureas | |||||||||||
| NCT00642278 (2013) (26) | RCT | NCT00642278 | 451 | 52.9±8.06 | T2D | 236 | 215 | 47.7 | Canagliflozin | Placebo | 12 w |
| Sitagliptin | |||||||||||
| EMPERIAL-Reduced (27) | RCT | NCT03448419 | 312 | 69.0±10.2 | HFrEF | 232 | 80 | 25.6 | Empagliflozin | Placebo | 12 w |
| EMPERIAL-Preserved (28) | RCT | NCT03448406 | 315 | 73.5±8.8 | HFmEF | 179 | 136 | 43.2 | Empagliflozin | Placebo | 12 w |
| DAPA-HF (29) | RCT | NCT03036124 | 4,744 | 66.3±10.9 | HFrEF Chronic heart failure | 3,635 | 1,109 | 23.4 | Dapagliflozin | Placebo | 27.8 m |
| DETERMINE-reduced (30) | RCT | NCT03877237 | 313 | 67.8±10.41 | HFrEF | 233 | 80 | 25.6 | Dapagliflozin | Placebo | 16 w |
| EMPA-RESPONSE (31) | RCT | NCT03200860 | 80 | 76 | Acute/congestive decompensated heart failure | 53 | 26 | 67.1 | Empagliflozin | Placebo | 30 d |
NCT, national clinical trial; RCT, randomized controlled trial; T2D, type 2 diabetes; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HFmEF, heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction.