Skip to main content
. 2022 Jun 7;10:e13571. doi: 10.7717/peerj.13571

Table 3. Classes of cuticular hydrocarbons and wasp species.

C.S. Species Group Linear alkanes Methyl alkanes Dimethyl alkanes Trimethyl alkanes Alkenes Alkadienes
Group I Chartergerllus communis G 93.54 4.30 2.16 0.00 0.00 0.00
Q 92.14 4.06 3.80 0.00 0.00 0.00
W 93.92 4.37 1.71 0.00 0.00 0.00
Metapolybia docilis G 97.76 1.62 0.00 0.00 0.62 0.00
Q 96.27 2.80 0.00 0.00 0.93 0.00
W 98.40 1.11 0.00 0.00 0.49 0.00
Nectarinella xavantinensis G 65.56 29.54 4.90 0.00 0.00 0.00
Q 80.39 16.27 3.34 0.00 0.00 0.00
W 62.14 32.60 5.26 0.00 0.00 0.00
Synoeca surinama G 58.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 41.18 0.00
Q 51.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 48.44 0.00
W 63.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 36.01 0.00
Parachartergus fraternus G 32.60 46.74 19.78 0.00 0.88 0.00
Q 29.30 46.28 23.32 0.00 1.10 0.00
W 34.71 47.04 17.52 0.00 0.73 0.00
Clypearia sulcata G 15.48 37.06 47.46 0.00 0.00 0.00
Q 9.03 36.60 54.37 0.00 0.00 0.00
W 16.72 37.15 46.13 0.00 0.00 0.00
Group II Brachygastra augusti G 49.91 42.18 4.38 0.00 3.21 0.32
Q 73.99 15.33 5.01 0.00 5.07 0.60
W 32.25 61.88 3.92 0.00 1.85 0.10
Polybia paulista G 41.32 48.98 6.54 0.00 3.16 0.00
Q 44.82 45.86 7.00 0.00 2.32 0.00
W 37.81 52.10 6.09 0.00 4.00 0.00
Charterginus sp. G 35.10 33.89 12.36 2.53 12.32 3.80
Q 27.29 13.94 45.44 7.10 5.54 0.69
W 36.98 38.67 4.42 1.43 13.95 4.55
Group III Agelaia pallipes G 20.54 46.77 23.70 0.00 8.99 0.00
Q 22.73 47.09 22.74 0.00 7.44 0.00
W 19.36 46.60 24.22 0.00 9.82 0.00
Apoica flavissima G 24.48 69.28 5.38 0.00 0.86 0.00
Q 18.05 75.17 5.98 0.00 0.80 0.00
W 30.10 64.14 4.86 0.00 0.90 0.00

Note:

Percentage of cuticular hydrocarbon class found in samples of queens and workers of the eleven species of Epiponini wasps. C.S., Caste Syndrome; Group I, all females morphologically similar; Group II, reproductive females isometrically different from workers; Group III, reproductive females allometrically different from workers. G, general values per species; Q, values per queens; W, values per workers.