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. 2022 Jun 10;150:38–50. doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2022.06.010

Table 4.

Main results of the cost–benefit analysis.

Positive economic–financial impact Negative economic–financial impact
N. workers 434 541
% workers 44.47 55.43
Max net benefit 484 −393
Average net benefit 95.99 −103.62
St. dev. net benefit 79.8796 84.04089
Average commuting costs 211 137
Average out-of-pocket expenses 147 94
Average meal vouchers 80 107
Average overtime payments 52 102
Average electricity costs 20 20
Average gas costs 25 26
Average digital technology costs 9 12

Source: Authors’ elaboration.