Table 1.
Reports of transient osteoporosis from the pediatric literature. List of abbreviations: F female; M male; MRI magnetic resonance imaging; NSAIDS non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; STIR short tau inversion recovery
| Ref | Age (years) | Sex | Affected site | Radiological features | Treatment | Time to clinical recovery (months) | Radiological outcome at the end of follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [4] | 11.5 | F | Left hip |
X-ray 2 weeks after the onset: normal X-ray ≥ 1 month after the onset: osteopenia |
Arthrocentesis; plaster hip spica/skin traction, rest, and salicylate | 2 since the onset (1.5 since the start of treatment) |
Restitutio ad integrum in 3 patients Enlarged femoral head, widened neck in 2 patients Bilateral joint space narrowing in 1 patient |
| [4] | 12 | F | Left hip | X-ray ≥ 1 month after the onset: osteopenia | 5 since the onset (3 since the start of treatment) | ||
| [4] | 10.5 | M | Right hip and spondylolisthesis | X-ray ≥ 1 month after the onset: osteopenia | 5 since the onset (4 since the start of treatment) | ||
| [4] | 6 | M | Right hip | X-ray ≥ 1 month after the onset: osteopenia | 9 since the onset (7.5 since the start of treatment) | ||
| [4] | 10.5 | M | Right hip | X-ray ≥ 1 month after the onset: osteopenia | 3 since the onset (1.5 since the start of treatment) | ||
| [4] | 9.5 | F | Left hip |
X-ray 2 weeks after the onset: normal X-ray ≥ 1 month after the onset: osteopenia |
2 since the onset (1.5 since the start of treatment) | ||
| [11] | 12 | F | Knee | - | Rest, NSAIDS, and physiotherapy | - | - |
| [11] | 12 | F | Hip | - | Rest, NSAIDS, and physiotherapy | - | - |
| [5] | 10 | F | Left hip |
X-ray 2 weeks after the onset: normal MRI 2 months after the onset: T1-hypointense/T2-isointense area; joint effusion |
Arthrocentesis; long term traction in moderate abduction | 3.5 since the onset (2.5 since the start of treatment) | Restitutio ad integrum |
| [5] | 8 | M | Left hip | MRI 18 months after the onset: T1-hypointense/T2-isointense area | Abduction brace | 19 since the onset (1 since the start of treatment) | Small residual T1-hypointense/T2-hypointense focal area in the metaphysis along the epiphyseal plate |
| [5] | 3.5 | M | Left hip | MRI 2 months after the onset: T1-hypointense/T2-isointense area; joint effusion | Abduction brace | 6 since the onset (4 since the start of treatment) | Restitutio ad integrum |
| [8] | 15 | F | Left hip |
X-ray 1 month after the onset: normal MRI 1 month after the onset: T1-hypointense/T2-hyperintense area; joint effusion |
Iloprost 20 µg, 5 infusions on 5 consecutive days | 1.5 since the onset (0.5 since the start of treatment) | Restitutio ad integrum |
| [6] | 8 | M | Bilateral ankles and wrists |
Ultrasound at onset: joint effusion in the ankles X-ray 2 weeks after the onset: marked tarsal and distal tibia and fibula osteopenia MRI 4 weeks after the onset: T2-hyperintense area in the tarsal bones and hands |
NSAIDS and rest | 4 since the onset | Restitutio ad integrum |
| [7] | 15 | M | Asymptomatic migratory pattern involving right lateral ad medial tibial epiphysis |
X-ray at onset: normal MRI at onset: T1-hypointense/T2 STIR-hyperintense area |
Rest | 4–12 months since the onset | Restitutio ad integrum |
| [9] | 12 | F | Left foot |
X-ray 6 weeks after the onset: normal MRI 6 weeks after the onset: T1-hypointense/T2-hyperintense multiple areas |
NSAIDS and rest | 7.5 since the onset (6 since the start of treatment) | Restitutio ad integrum |
| Present case report | 10 | M | Right hip |
Ultrasound 4 weeks after the onset: normal X-ray 4 months after the onset: osteopenia MRI 1 and 4 months after the onset: T1-hypointense/T2 STIR-hyperintense area; joint effusion |
Neridronate 2 mg/kg, 4 infusions | 7 since the onset (2 since the start of treatment) | Proximal femur physeal fracture |