TABLE 3.

Adhesion of S. mutans NS to glass in competition with adhering biosurfactant-releasing and nonreleasing S. mitis BA and BMS and to glass with preadsorbed stationary-phase S. mitis BA and BMS biosurfactants

Prepn	Surface coverage	Initial deposition rate (cm−2 s−1)	No. of bacteria adhering after 4 h (105 cells cm−2)	Detachment due to air bubbles (%)a
				First bubble	Second bubble	Third bubble
Glass without salivary conditioning film	None	1,043 ± 160b	130 ± 18	14 ± 16	20 ± 11	32 ± 9
	1% S. mitis BA	798 ± 148	111 ± 5	0 ± 10	5 ± 16	0 ± 16
	2% S. mitis BA	577 ± 331	73 ± 43	0 ± 19	7 ± 12	19 ± 20
	4% S. mitis BA	1,096 ± 127	100 ± 4	5 ± 12	27 ± 13	47 ± 19
	S. mitis BA biosurfactant alone	48 ± 49	4 ± 3	47 ± 8	74 ± 9	67 ± 16
	4% S. mitis BA−c	977 ± 279	111 ± 26	1 ± 6	8 ± 18	11 ± 9
	1% S. mitis BMS	774 ± 65	100 ± 15	15 ± 13	16 ± 20	20 ± 15
	2% S. mitis BMS	895 ± 293	92 ± 21	42 ± 19	17 ± 17	39 ± 50
	4% S. mitis BMS	394 ± 83	50 ± 11	45 ± 21	35 ± 15	43 ± 9
	S. mitis BMS biosurfactant alone	106 ± 37	9 ± 4	59 ± 11	57 ± 21	68 ± 16
	4% S. mitis BMS−	789 ± 168	113 ± 28	12 ± 25	0 ± 11	0 ± 15
Glass with salivary conditioning film	None	965 ± 100	83 ± 9	72 ± 20	70 ± 22	56 ± 39
	1% S. mitis BA	495 ± 331	37 ± 11	72 ± 19	77 ± 15	77 ± 21
	1% S. mitis BMS	657 ± 277	49 ± 20	72 ± 15	92 ± 5	91 ± 7
	2% S. mitis BMS	573 ± 262	43 ± 19	70 ± 22	78 ± 9	82 ± 12
	4% S. mitis BMS	349 ± 35	30 ± 8	60 ± 16	67 ± 8	61 ± 18

^aTotal percentages of S. mutans NS cells that were detached by the passage of three consecutive air bubbles through the flow chamber. 

^bThe data are means ± standard deviations based on data from three experiments performed with separately cultured cells. 

^cThe minus sign denotes nonreleasing cells.