Table 3.
Patient and Dialysis Facility Demographic Data for Graft Group by Frailty Quartile
| CFI Quartile | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | 1 (n = 1,609) | 2 (n = 1,877) | 3 (n = 2,306) | 4 (n = 2,467) | P a |
| Patient | |||||
| Age | <0.001 | ||||
| 18–49 y | 313 (19.5%) | 11 (0.6%) | –b | – | |
| 50–64 y | 698 (43.4%) | 355 (18.9%) | – | 36 (1.5%) | |
| 65–74 y | 571 (35.5%) | 905 (48.2%) | 790 (34.3%) | 378 (15.3%) | |
| 75–84 y | 27 (1.7%) | – | 1,060 (46.0%) | 1,261 (51.1%) | |
| ≥85 y | – | – | 299 (13.0%) | 792 (32.1%) | |
| Sex | <0.001 | ||||
| Male | 854 (53.1%) | 865 (46.1%) | 957 (41.5%) | 773 (31.3%) | |
| Female | 755 (46.9%) | 1,012 (53.9%) | 1,349 (58.5%) | 1,694 (68.7%) | |
| Race and ethnicity | <0.001 | ||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 812 (50.5%) | 1,037 (55.2%) | 1,337 (58.0%) | 1,259 (51.0%) | |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 555 (34.5%) | 584 (31.1%) | 687 (29.8%) | 869 (35.2%) | |
| Asian, non-Hispanic | 20 (1.2%) | 52 (2.8%) | 84 (3.6%) | 129 (5.2%) | |
| Hispanic | 208 (12.9%) | 173 (9.2%) | 180 (7.8%) | 190 (7.7%) | |
| Other | 14 (0.9%) | 31 (1.7%) | 18 (0.8%) | 20 (0.8%) | |
| Medicare/Medicaid dual eligibility | <0.001 | ||||
| No | 822 (51.1%) | 1,212 (64.6%) | 1,591 (69.0%) | 1,608 (65.2%) | |
| Yes | 787 (48.9%) | 665 (35.4%) | 715 (31.0%) | 859 (34.8%) | |
| Time to AVF/AVG creation, moc | 4.9 ± 6.4 | 4.3 ± 5.6 | 4.0 ± 5.0 | 3.9 ± 4.0 | <0.001 |
| Dialysis facility | |||||
| Profit status | 0.5 | ||||
| For-profit | 1,465 (91.1%) | 1,710 (91.1%) | 2,082 (90.3%) | 2,218 (89.9%) | |
| Not-for-profit | 144 (8.9%) | 167 (8.9%) | 224 (9.7%) | 249 (10.1%) | |
| Setting | 0.7 | ||||
| Hospital-based | 54 (3.4%) | 67 (3.6%) | 73 (3.2%) | 74 (3.0%) | |
| Freestanding | 1,555 (96.6%) | 1,810 (96.4%) | 2,233 (96.8%) | 2,393 (97.0%) | |
| PD recipients per facility | 0.7 | ||||
| 0 | 869 (54.0%) | 1,021 (54.4%) | 1,265 (54.9%) | 1,353 (54.8%) | |
| 1–10 | 295 (18.3%) | 389 (20.7%) | 445 (19.3%) | 458 (18.6%) | |
| 11–25 | 282 (17.5%) | 309 (16.5%) | 402 (17.4%) | 441 (17.9%) | |
| 26–50 | 129 (8.0%) | 125 (6.7%) | 155 (6.7%) | 169 (6.9%) | |
| >50 | 34 (2.1%) | 33 (1.8%) | 39 (1.7%) | 46 (1.9%) | |
| Patient to nurse ratio | 0.05 | ||||
| >0–10 | 156 (9.7%) | 195 (10.4%) | 255 (11.1%) | 241 (9.8%) | |
| >10–15 | 505 (31.4%) | 616 (32.8%) | 728 (31.6%) | 762 (30.9%) | |
| >15–20 | 472 (29.3%) | 547 (29.1%) | 697 (30.2%) | 726 (29.4%) | |
| >20 | 476 (29.6%) | 519 (27.7%) | 626 (27.1%) | 738 (29.9%) | |
| Patient to staff ratio | 0.9 | ||||
| >0–4 | 98 (6.1%) | 124 (6.6%) | 132 (5.7%) | 149 (6.0%) | |
| >4–5 | 214 (13.3%) | 261 (13.9%) | 315 (13.7%) | 340 (13.8%) | |
| >5–6 | 406 (25.2%) | 506 (27.0%) | 624 (27.1%) | 637 (25.8%) | |
| >6–7 | 458 (28.5%) | 528 (28.1%) | 628 (27.2%) | 683 (27.7%) | |
| >7–8 | 243 (15.1%) | 260 (13.9%) | 360 (15.6%) | 369 (15.0%) | |
| >8 | 190 (11.8%) | 198 (10.5%) | 247 (10.7%) | 289 (11.7%) | |
| Dialysis facility zip code sociodemographics | |||||
| Median income | <0.001 | ||||
| $0–<$25K | 71 (4.4%) | 62 (3.3%) | 78 (3.4%) | 82 (3.3%) | |
| $25K–<$50K | 937 (58.2%) | 1,028 (54.8%) | 1,198 (52.0%) | 1,254 (50.8%) | |
| $50K–<$75K | 446 (27.7%) | 582 (31.0%) | 715 (31.0%) | 769 (31.2%) | |
| $75K–<$100K | 130 (8.1%) | 147 (7.8%) | 230 (10.0%) | 257 (10.4%) | |
| ≥$100K | 25 (1.6%) | 58 (3.1%) | 85 (3.7%) | 105 (4.3%) | |
| Population below poverty level | <0.001 | ||||
| 0%–<15% | 638 (39.7%) | 839 (44.7%) | 1,085 (47.1%) | 1,168 (47.6%) | |
| 15%–<25% | 580 (36.0%) | 688 (36.7%) | 816 (35.4%) | 828 (33.6%) | |
| ≥25% | 391 (24.3%) | 350 (18.6%) | 405 (17.6%) | 471 (19.1%) | |
| Unemployment | <0.001 | ||||
| 0%–<5% | 76 (4.7%) | 113 (6.0%) | 139 (6.0%) | 155 (6.3%) | |
| 5%–<10% | 746 (46.4%) | 943 (50.2%) | 1,198 (52.0%) | 1,276 (51.7%) | |
| 10%–<15% | 528 (32.8%) | 613 (32.7%) | 702 (30.4%) | 739 (30.0%) | |
| 15%–<20% | 187 (11.6%) | 154 (8.2%) | 184 (8.0%) | 203 (8.2%) | |
| ≥20% | 72 (4.5%) | 54 (2.9%) | 83 (3.6%) | 94 (3.8%) | |
| Population with at least high school diploma | <0.001 | ||||
| 0%–<15% | 815 (50.7%) | 1,052 (56.0%) | 1,339 (58.1%) | 1,428 (57.9%) | |
| 15%–<30% | 661 (41.1%) | 695 (37.0%) | 836 (36.3%) | 855 (34.7%) | |
| ≥30% | 133 (8.3%) | 130 (6.9%) | 131 (5.7%) | 184 (7.5%) | |
| Median rent | <0.001 | ||||
| $0–<$500 | 18 (1.1%) | 19 (1.0%) | 24 (1.0%) | 16 (0.6%) | |
| $500–<$750 | 582 (36.2%) | 662 (35.3%) | 765 (33.2%) | 753 (30.5%) | |
| $750–<$1,000 | 622 (38.7%) | 689 (36.7%) | 830 (36.0%) | 848 (34.4%) | |
| $1,000–<$1,250 | 226 (14.0%) | 297 (15.8%) | 377 (16.3%) | 456 (18.5%) | |
| ≥$1,250 | 161 (10.0%) | 210 (11.2%) | 310 (13.4%) | 394 (16.0%) | |
Abbreviations: AVF, arteriovenous fistula; AVG, arteriovenous graft; CFI, claims-based frailty indicator; PD, peritoneal dialysis.
a
P values computed using Pearson χ2 test for categorical variables and F test for continuous variables.
b
Unreported values (–) indicate the cell represents <11 individuals, and the US Renal Data System restricts the reporting of data in such instances.
c
Values given as mean ± standard deviation.