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. 2022 Jun 11;19:141. doi: 10.1186/s12974-022-02501-2

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 5 — ITBS improved local inflammatory status and down-regulated the expression of proteins associated with neuronal pyroptosis. Multiplex cytokine bioassays profiled the levels of 8 available cytokines, including IL-1α (A), IL-1β (B), IL-10 (C), IL-17A (D), IL-27 (E), MCP-1 (F), TNF-α (G) and IFN-γ (H). ITBS significantly ameliorated the high levels of IL-1β, IL-17A, TNF-α, IFN-γ in MCAO/r group and elevated the level of IL-10 (n = 5). Values are expressed as the mean and 95% confidence interval. Representative bands of the western blot (I) and quantitative analysis of pre.Caspase1 (J), cl.Caspase1 (K), pre.IL-1β (L), cl.IL-1β (M), IL-18 (N), ASC (O), GSDMD (P) and NLRP1 (Q) normalized to β-actin (n = 6). ITBS ameliorated cerebral ischemia induced increases in the expression of proteins above. Values are expressed as the mean ± SEM of the mean. Non-significant (ns), *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 as determined by one-way ANOVA (Tukey’s multiple comparison test)