Table 2.
Factors associated with central obesity in univariable and multivariable analyses (logistic regression, ANRS CO22 Hepather cohort, N = 6348)
| Variables | Univariable analysis (N = 6348) | Multivariable analysis (N = 5742) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR [95% CI] | P-value | aOR [95% CI] | P-value | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male (ref.) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Female | 1.76 [1.60–1.95] | < 10−3 | 1.49 [1.31–1.67] | < 10−3 |
| Age at baseline (years) | 1.04 [1.03–1.04] | < 10−3 | 1.02 [1.01–1.02] | < 10−3 |
| Place of birth | < 10−3 | < 10−3 | ||
| France (ref.) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Europe + North America + Latin America + Australia | 1.06 [0.88–1.27] | 0.571 | 1.03 [0.83–1.27] | 0.804 |
| North Africa + Middle East | 1.51 [1.26–1.81] | < 10−3 | 1.28 [1.04–1.57] | 0.022 |
| Sub-Saharan Africa + the Caribbean | 2.22 [1.78–2.77] | < 10−3 | 1.90 [1.48–2.44] | < 10−3 |
| Asia | 0.99 [0.75–1.32] | 0.967 | 1.02 [0.74–1.42] | 0.890 |
| Coffee consumption | < 10−3 | |||
| 0 cups/day (ref.) | 1 | |||
| 1–2 cups/day | 0.92 [0.81–1.04] | 0.166 | ||
| ≥ 3 cups/day | 0.69 [0.60–0.78] | < 10−3 | ||
| Cannabis use | < 10−3 | < 10−3 | ||
| Never (ref.) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Former | 0.56 [0.49–0.63] | < 10−3 | 0.75 [0.64–0.88] | < 10−3 |
| Current | 0.32 [0.27–0.37] | < 10−3 | 0.45 [0.37–0.55] | < 10−3 |
| Tobacco smoking | < 10−3 | 0.001 | ||
| Never (ref.) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Former | 0.78 [0.69–0.89] | < 10−3 | 1.08 [0.93–1.26] | 0.327 |
| Current | 0.44 [0.39–0.49] | < 10−3 | 0.81 [0.69–0.95] | 0.009 |
| Alcohol consumption | < 10−3 | 0.002 | ||
| Abstinent without past unhealthy use (ref.) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Moderate use | 0.68 [0.61–0.76] | < 10−3 | 1.04 [0.91–1.18] | 0.583 |
| Unhealthy use (past or current) | 0.77 [0.67–0.89] | < 10−3 | 1.35 [1.13–1.61] | 0.001 |
| Living in poverty | ||||
| No (ref.) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.19 [1.07–1.33] | 0.002 | 1.18 [1.03–1.35] | 0.019 |
| Education level | ||||
| < upper secondary school certificate (ref.) | 1 | 1 | ||
| ≥ upper secondary school certificate | 0.67 [0.60–0.74] | < 10−3 | 0.71 [0.63–0.80] | < 10−3 |
| Employment status | ||||
| No (ref.) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 0.51 [0.46–0.56] | < 10−3 | 0.78 [0.69–0.89] | < 10−3 |
| Advanced liver fibrosisa | ||||
| No (ref.) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.51 [1.34–1.70] | < 10−3 | 1.15 [1.00–1.31] | 0.044 |
| Time since HCV diagnosis (years) | 1.00 [0.99–1.00] | 0.250 | ||
| HCV treatment history | < 10−3 | 0.001 | ||
| None (ref) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Interferon-based | 1.31 [1.18–1.46] | < 10−3 | 1.15 [1.02–1.30] | 0.026 |
| 1st or 2nd generation DAA | 1.61 [1.35–1.92] | < 10−3 | 1.49 [1.23–1.82] | < 10−3 |
| Other | 1.17 [0.86–1.61] | 0.319 | 0.98 [0.68–1.42] | 0.931 |
aOR adjusted odds ratio, CI confidence interval, DAA direct-acting antivirals, OR odds ratio, ref. reference group, HCV hepatitis C virus
aAdvanced liver fibrosis was defined as an FIB-4 score >3.25 (Sterling et al. 2006)