Table 8.

Strengths and weaknesses of the treatments used to reduce H. abietis damage to seedlings in this study.

Treatment mark	Strengths	Weaknesses
Chemical	Cheap and effective (partly effective also against Hylastes spp.) Simple and fast application Different forms of application (pre-planting, post-planting) Treatment can be repeated in the field	Environmental impact Staff safety Chemicals are restricted and will be probably banned in forestry in some countries (see cited works in Introduction) Need to repeat treatments (2–3 times per season)
Glue	Good effectiveness Simple application New method	Costs per ha Potential phytotoxicity Need for more tests
Collar	Low environmental impact Easy to set up	Costs per ha Some collars do not remain locked, checking once a year is necessary If the pine weevil gets into the collar, plant damage can be substantial Biodegradability is debatable
Wax type C and F	Low environmental impact Costs per ha (only one treatment) Excellent effectiveness in the first year F composition seems better More layers can be put on	Not suitable at sites with high population densities Quality of treatment—staff needs to be careful during the whole process from waxing up to planting Phytotoxicity in the case of insufficient cooling Wax cracking and falling off in the second season Treatment can not be repeated in the field