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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jun 12.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosci Res. 2020 Jan 17;152:35–43. doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.01.008

Table 2.

Overview of optical sensors for detecting extracellular purinergic transmitters

Sensor Ligand Binding protein / module Optical reporter ΔF/F0 or FRET/BRET ratio Kd or EC50 Kinetics In vivo application Ref.
pmeLUC ATP No Bioluminescence ~8 > 10 μM N.D. Mice (Morciano et al., 2017)
TANGO Assay GPCR ligands GPCRs Reporter gene >10 ~ 1 nM >8 h N.D. (Barnea et al., 2008)
Sniffer cells Adenosine, ATP, or ADP A1R, P2X, or P2Y Ca2+ sensor ~1.5 (?) for Ado 8 0μM (Ado) N.D. N.D. (Yamashiro et al., 2017)
ecATeam3.10 ATP Bacterial F0F1- ATP synthase CFP/YFP ~0.27 ~11 mM ~13–172 s (τon) N.D. (Conley et al., 2017)
A2AR-based FlAsH Adenosine A2AR CFP/FlAsH ~0.1 Similar to WT A2AR (?) 66–88 ms (τon) N.D. (Hoffmann et al., 2005)
P2X2-Cam ATP P2X2 CFP/YFP ~0.37 ~14 μM ~6 s (decay) Zebrafish (Richler et al., 2008)
iATPSnFR ATP Bacterial F0F1- ATP synthase cpSFGFP ~1.0 350 μM <5 s (τon), >1 s (τoff) N.D. (Lobas et al., 2019)

N.D., not determined.