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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Thorac Surg. 2021 Nov 10;114(6):2115–2123. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.09.069

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Three-dimensional near-infrared specimen mapping (3D-NSM) expedites time to frozen section diagnosis of nonpalpable lesions. (A) Time to frozen section diagnosis, comparing 3D-NSM-guided pathology with the control cohort undergoing standard frozen section. When stratified by lesion palpability, 3D-NSM significantly reduced time to diagnosis for nonpalpable lesions but did not affect time to diagnosis of palpable lesions. (B) The correlation of number of tissue sections performed with the time to frozen section diagnosis, showing a strong positive correlation with R2 = 0.7064. (C) The number of tissue sections cut per specimen, comparing 3D-NSM–guided pathology with the control cohort undergoing standard frozen section. When stratified by lesion palpability, 3D-NSM significantly reduced the number of specimen sections taken, suggesting that this is the mechanism by which 3D-NSM expedites frozen section diagnosis of nonpalpable lesions. ***P < .0001. (Ctrl, control.)