Table 2.

Feature system of climate change risks

Primary risk feature	Secondary risk feature	Embodiment of risk feature
Ecosystem and sustainability	• Global warming • Biodiversity reduction • Land use out of control • Extreme weather events • Agriculture	➢ Sea level rise ➢ Coastal salinization ➢ Lower food productivity ➢ Irregular temperature ➢ Precipitation ➢ Increased forest mortality ➢ Reduction in wetland area
Uncertainty, vulnerability, and efficacy	• Climate fluctuation • Gap between the rich and the poor • Poverty alleviation • Public health	➢ Drought and flood disasters ➢ Unstable river runoff ➢ Reduction of production capacity of enterprises ➢ Unemployment of urban residents ➢ Agricultural production mode ➢ Malaria, dengue fever, and other diseases
Behavior and decision-making	• Risk perception • Willingness to participate • Information exchange • Decision preference • Risk attitude	➢ Policy makers and stakeholders ignore climate change and its impacts ➢ Lack of understanding of climate change policy and report text ➢ Public does not support climate change policy
Governance and management	• Policy making • Risk management • Resilience governance • Risk assessment	➢ Differences in climate change governance models ➢ Multi-agent participation in climate action ➢ Management organization of climate change ➢ Collection and dissemination of climate information
Adaption and mitigation	• Risk resolution • Insurance mechanism • Public welfare protection	➢ Coastal disaster reduction project ➢ Greenhouse gas emission reduction project ➢ Energy saving and emission reduction technology ➢ Catastrophe insurance mechanism ➢ Social security mechanism of disaster