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. 2022 Mar 11;152(Suppl 1):13S–24S. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxac018

TABLE 5.

Sociodemographic and behavioral correlates of functional NFt understanding (n = 21,586)1

β 95% CI P value2
Country
 Australia vs. Canada −0.31 −0.40, −0.21 <0.0001*
 Australia vs. Mexico 0.46 0.36, 0.57 <0.0001*
 Australia vs. United Kingdom −0.06 −0.15, 0.03 0.1957
 Australia vs. United States −0.38 −0.48, −0.29 <0.0001*
 Canada vs. Mexico 0.77 0.67, 0.87 <0.0001*
 Canada vs. United Kingdom 0.25 0.15, 0.34 <0.0001*
 Canada vs. United States −0.08 −0.17, 0.02 0.1134
 United Kingdom vs. Mexico 0.52 0.43, 0.62 <0.0001*
 United Kingdom vs. United States −0.32 −0.42, −0.23 <0.0001*
 United States vs. Mexico 0.84 0.75, 0.95 <0.0001*
Age −0.004 −0.006, −0.002 <0.0001*
Sex at birth
 Female vs. male 0.23 0.17, 0.29 <0.0001*
Ethnicity3
 Majority vs. minority 0.63 0.55, 0.72 <0.0001*
Education level4
 Medium vs. low 0.36 0.28, 0.43 <0.0001*
 High vs. low 0.52 0.44, 0.58 <0.0001*
 High vs. medium 0.16 0.80, 0.23 <0.0001*
Income adequacy 0.00 −0.02, 0.03 0.8572
BMI
  Missing vs. <18.5 −0.72 −0.92, −0.53 <0.0001*
 Missing vs. 18.5–24.9 −0.69 −0.79, −0.59 <0.0001*
 Missing vs. 25–29.9 −0.70 −0.80, −0.60 <0.0001*
 Missing vs. ≥30 −0.80 −0.90, −0.69 <0.0001*
 ≥30 vs. <18.5 0.07 −0.11, 0.26 0.4494
 ≥30 vs. 18.5–24.9 0.10 0.02, 0.19 0.0148*
 ≥30 vs. 25–29.9 0.09 0.01, 0.18 0.0297*
 25–29.9 vs. 18.5–24.9 0.01 −0.07, 0.08 0.8023
 25–29.9 vs. <18.5 −0.02 −0.21, 0.16 0.8186
 <18.5 vs. 18.5–24.9 0.03 −0.15, 0.21 0.7349
Food shopping role
 Primary shopper vs. not primary shopper −0.34 −0.48, −0.21 <0.0001*
 Primary shopper vs. share equally with others −0.24 −0.31, −0.17 <0.0001*
 Not primary shopper vs. share equally with others −0.10 −0.25, 0.04 0.1725
Dietary practices
 ≥1 dietary practices (i.e., vegetarian, vegan, pescatarian, religious practices) vs. no specific dietary practices −0.45 −0.54, −0.36 <0.0001*
Dietary efforts score5 −0.10 −0.11, −0.09 <0.0001*
FoodProK score5, 6 0.38 0.36, 0.40 <0.0001*
Self-reported NFt understanding 0.19 0.16, 0.22 <0.0001*
1

Data presented have been weighted. FoodProK, Food Processing Knowledge; NFt, Nutrition Facts table.

2

Variables marked with an asterisk are significant (P < 0.05) after post hoc adjustment using Benjamini–Hochberg procedure.

3

“Majority” ethnicity refers to respondents who identified as “white,” “predominantly English-speaking,” or “non-Indigenous” based on country-specific ethnic identity questions.

4

“Low” education refers to high school completion or lower, “medium” education refers to some post–secondary school qualifications including some university, and “high” refers to respondents who received a university degree or higher.

5

The dietary efforts score reflects consumers’ efforts to consume more or less of the following nutrient categories: trans fats, sugar/added sugars, salt/sodium, calories, and processed foods. On a scale of 0–10, 0 represents “consume less” responses to all categories, 10 represents “consume more” responses to all categories, and the range in between reflects all other response combinations.

6

The FoodProK score reflects consumers’ functional nutrition knowledge based on level of food processing. On a scale of 0–8, scores reflect whether respondents correctly ordered foods according to the NOVA classification for level of processing, with higher scores reflecting higher functional nutrition knowledge.