Table 3.

The comparison of IoT-friendly Proxy Re-Encryption primitives (SPoF: Single Point of Failure)

PRE schemes	Unique feature	Key Escrow free	Decentralized	Collusion resistant	Lightweight	Identity-based	No SPoF	Non-transitive	Bi-direction	Authorization	Revocation
Dent et al. [103]	Hybrid	–	–	$✓$	$✓$	–	–	$✓$	–	–	–
Jiang et al. [104]	Encryption switching	–	-	–	–	$✓$	–	–	–	–	–
Patil et al. [105]	Hierarchical structure	–	$✓$	$✓$	$✓$	–	$✓$	$✓$	–	–	–
Su et al.[106]	Node revocation	–	–	–	–	$✓$	–	–	–	$✓$	$✓$
Ahene et al. [107]	Signcryption-driven	$✓$	–	–	–	–	–	-	–	$✓$	–
Guo et al. [108]	Accountability	–	–	$✓$	–	$✓$	–	–	–	–	–
Hou et al. [111]	Quantum-resistant	-	–	–	–	–	–	$✓$	$✓$	–	–
Ahene et al. [116]	Non-repudiation	$✓$	–	–	–	$✓$	–	–	–	–	–
Koe et al. [117]	Offline delegator	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Phuong et al. [118]	Puncturable encryption	$✓$	–	–	–	$✓$	$✓$	–	–	–	–
Chunpeng et al. [119]	Broadcasting	–	–	$✓$	-	$✓$	–	–	–	–	$✓$
Manzoor et al. [120]	Blockchain-based	$✓$	$✓$	$✓$	$✓$	–	$✓$	–	–	–	–
Agyekum et al. [126]	Blockchain-based	–	$✓$	–	–	$✓$	–	$✓$	–	$✓$	–
Dutta et al. [112]	Quantum-resistant	–	–	$✓$	–	$✓$	–	$✓$	–	–	–