Table 4.
Mediation effects of personal norms.
| Path | Estimate |
Mediation effects | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indirect [95% CI] | Direct | Total | ||
| CON → NORM → MOD | 0.059 [−0.050, 0.168] | 0.256* | 0.315* | n.s. |
| R/B → NORM → MOD | 0.179 [0.041, 0.318] * | 0.020 | 0.199* | Full |
| THR → NORM → MOD | 0.116 [0.007, 0.225] * | −0.033 | 0.083 | Full |
| BRR → NORM → MOD | −0.036 [−0.072, −0.001] * | −0.080 | −0.117* | Full |
| CON → NORM → ACT | −0.053 [−0.152, 0.045] | 0.762*** | 0.709* | n.s. |
| R/B → NORM → ACT | 0.126 [0.016, 0.236] * | −0.103 | 0.023 | Full |
| THR → NORM → ACT | 0.023 [−0.078, 0.124] | −0.146 | −0.123 | n.s. |
| BRR → NORM → ACT | −0.026 [−0.054, 0.003] | −0.127* | −0.152* | n.s. |
Notes. CON = Consequences; R/B = Responsibility/benefits; THR = Threats; BRR = Barriers; NORM = Personal norms; MOD = Moderate preventive travel behaviors; ACT = Active preventive travel behaviors; *p < .05; ***p < .001.