Figure 1.

Multivariate antibody responses against canonical antigens are predictive of severe COVID-19 outcomes

(A) Conceptual overview of the SARS-CoV-2 antibody profiling platform used to characterize and quantify serum Abs directed against canonical and non-canonical antigens.

(B) Polar plots illustrating measured Ab features against canonical Ag specificities—spike, spike RBD, and nucleocapsid.

(C) Performance of LASSO model to discriminate between survivors and non-survivors built using deep humoral profiles against canonical Ag specificities. Model performance is measured in a k-fold cross-validation framework with permutation testing. Actual denotes the performance of the model, built on real data. Permuted denotes performance of the model on shuffled data in a matched cross-validation framework (negative control).

(D) LASSO-selected features from model built using deep humoral profiles against canonical Ag specificities. ns, non-survivor; s, survivor.

(E) PLS-DA using only the LASSO-selected features from the model in (D) to discriminate between survivors and non-survivors.

(F) Performance of the model (built using the Pitt cohort) on an orthogonal (Boston) cohort.