Table 2.
Risk factors for hospital readmission after discharge from hospitalization due to COVID-19.
| Multivariate analysis |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospital readmission (n = 80) | Were not readmitted (n = 742) | RR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Age in years median (range) | 53 (20‒91) | 57 (18‒101) | ‒ | 0.62 | ||
| Male gender | 39 (49%) | 398 (54%) | 0.98 (0.94‒1.03) | 0.41 | ||
| Educational level | ||||||
| 1 | 34 (43%) | 256 (35%) | ‒ | 0.37 | ||
| 2 | 15 (19%) | 133 (18%) | ‒ | |||
| 3 | 19 (24%) | 238 (32%) | ‒ | |||
| 4 | 6 (8%) | 98 (13%) | ‒ | |||
| BMI on hospital admission | 31.2 (16.6‒63.3) | 30.7 (13.6‒67.3) | ‒ | 0.83 | ||
| Variables associated with COVID-19 hospitalization | ||||||
| WHO severity class | 4 (1‒4) | 2 (1‒4) | ‒ | 0.11 | ||
| Days of hospital stay median (range) | 18 (1‒154) | 13 (1‒163) | ‒ | 0.01 | ||
| Admission to ICU | 50 (63%) | 440 (59%) | 1.05 (1.01‒1.09) | 0.06 | ||
| Days of ICU stay Median (range) | 7 (0‒76) | 4 (0‒126) | ‒ | 0.04 | ||
| Orotracheal intubation | 43 (54%) | 296 (40%) | 1.06 (1.01‒1.11) | 0.02 | 2.14 (1.31‒3.51) | 0.003 |
| Dialysis | 11 (14%) | 93 (13%) | 1.01 (0.94‒1.08) | 0.76 | ||
| Underlying diseases | ||||||
| Charlson score | 4 (1‒10) | 2 (1‒10) | ‒ | 0.002 | 1.21 (1.08‒1.37) | 0.002 |
| Systemic Arterial Hypertension | 51 (64%) | 420 (57%) | 1.03 (0.98‒1.08) | 0.22 | ||
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 8 (10%) | 36 (5%) | 1.11 (0.96‒1.28) | 0.05 | ||
| Asthma | 3 (4%) | 27 (4%) | 1.00 (0.89‒1.13) | >0.99 | ||
| Chronic kidney disease | 16 (20%) | 90 (12%) | 1.07 (0.99‒1.17) | 0.05 | ||
| Smoking | 28 (35%) | 285 (38%) | 0.99 (0.94‒1.03) | 0.55 | ||
| Rheumatic disease | 20 (25%) | 207 (28%) | 0.99 (0.94‒1.04) | 0.58 | ||
| Hematologic disease | 0 | 16 (2%) | 0.89 (0.87‒0.92) | 0.40 | ||
| Diabetes mellitus | 38 (48%) | 258 (35%) | 1.06 (1.00‒1.11) | 0.02 | ||
| Cancer | 7 (9%) | 34 (5%) | 1.09 (0.95‒1.26) | 0.10 | ||
| Sleep apnea | 9 (11%) | 128 (17%) | 0.96 (0.91‒1.01) | 0.17 | ||
| Coronary heart disease | 18 (23%) | 183 (25%) | 1.11 (1.01‒1.22) | 0.003 | ||
| Congestive heart failure | 20 (25%) | 83 (11%) | 1.14 (1.03‒1.25) | <0.001 | 2.34 (1.29‒4.23) | 0.005 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 10 (13%) | 53 (7%) | 1.08 (0.97‒1.20) | 0.09 | 2.06 (0.97‒4.38) | 0.06 |
| Acute arterial occlusion | 1 (1%) | 8 (1%) | 1.02 (0.81‒1.28) | 0.60 | ||
| Thromboembolic events during hospital stay | 3 (4%) | 49 (7%) | 0.96 (0.89‒1.03) | 0.47 | ||
| Chronic liver disease | 7 (9%) | 40 (5%) | 1.06 (0.94‒1.20) | 0.22 | ||
| Sedentary lifestyle | 40 (50%) | 279 (38%) | 1.06 (1.01‒1.11) | 0.01 | ||
| Social economic class | ||||||
| A | 1 (1%) | 19 (3%) | ‒ | 0.18 | ||
| B1 | 4 (5%) | 39 (5%) | ‒ | |||
| B2 | 9 (11%) | 135 (18%) | ‒ | |||
| C1 | 28 (35%) | 239 (32%) | ‒ | |||
| C2 | 29 (36%) | 212 (29%) | ‒ | |||
| D | 3 (4%) | 78 (11%) | ‒ | |||
| Symptoms after hospital discharge | ||||||
| Diarrhea | 26 (33%) | 158 (21%) | 1.07 (1.01‒1.14) | 0.02 | 1.91 (1.13‒3.23) | 0.02 |
| Myalgia | 37 (46%) | 305 (41%) | 1.02 (0.98‒1.07) | 0.38 | ||
| Cough | 37 (46%) | 287 (39%) | 1.03 (0.98‒1.08) | 0.19 | ||
| Chest pain | 27 (34%) | 186 (25%) | 1.05 (0.99‒1.11) | 0.08 | ||
| All 3 symptoms (Diarrhea, myalgia, cough) | 8 (10%) | 52 (7%) | 1.05 (0.94‒1.16) | 0.33 | ||
| Any of the 3 symptoms (Diarrhea, myalgia, cough) | 61 (76%) | 497 (67%) | 1.04 (1.00‒1.09) | 0.09 | ||
RR, Relative Risk; OR, Odds Ratio; CI, Confidence Interval; BMI, Body Mass Index; ICU, Intensive Care Unit.