Fabrication of multi-layer mineralized GO-Col-HAp microgels and their schematic illustrations. (A) Experimental steps for the synthesis of multi-layer mineralized GO-Col-HAp microgels using microarray chip and their chemical reaction illustration. (B) Schematic drawing, optical image, and micro ct evaluation of the microgels (Scale bars of low magnification: 500 μm, scale bars of high magnification and micro ct: 200 μm, red arrowheads refer to pore structure). (C) Schematic illustration, optical image, and micro ct analysis of the pearl (Scale bars of low magnification: 5 mm, scale bars of high magnification and micro ct: 1 mm). (D) The porosity of the microgels and peral. (E–F) Quantitative analysis of apatite volume to total volume (AV/TV) and apatite mineral density (AMD) of microgels and pearl (ns: no significance, ∗∗∗p < 0.001).