Table 1.
PwCI and Care Partner Baseline Characteristics, Overall and Grouped by PwCI-Reported Occurrence of Informally Discussing ACP with Care Partner.
| Variable | PwCI-reported occurrence of informal discussing ACP with care partner |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | Yes | No | P-value | |
|
| ||||
| N | 1672 | 1058 | 614 | |
| PwCI characteristics | ||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 75 (6) | 74.(6) | 75 (6) | 0.07 |
| Male | 1051 (63%) | 664 (63%) | 387 (63%) | 0.91 |
| Non-Hispanic White | 1553 (93%) | 986 (93%) | 567 (92%) | 0.51 |
| Bachelor‘s degree or higher | 1003 (60%) | 643 (61%) | 360 (59%) | 0.39 |
| Self-rated general health status, mean (SD) | 3 (1) | 3 (1) | 3 (1) | 0.15 |
| Health literacy, mean (SD) | 4 (2) | 3 (2) | 4 (2) | 0.28 |
| Cognitive functioning (TICS-M), mean (SD) | 21 (6) | 21 (6) | 20 (6) | <0.001 |
| Very or completely satisfied with present financial situation | 1148 (69%) | 747 (71%) | 401 (65%) | 0.02 |
| Care partner is spouse or significant other | 1504 (90%) | 947 (90%) | 557 (91%) | 0.43 |
| Care partner characteristics | ||||
| Age, mean (SD) | 70 (9) | 70 (9) | 70 (10) | 0.39 |
| Male | 518 (31%) | 321 (30%) | 197 (32%) | 0.46 |
| Non-Hispanic White | 1564 (94%) | 997 (94%) | 567 (92%) | 0.13 |
| Bachelor‘s degree or higher | 971 (58%) | 626 (59%) | 345 (56%) | 0.23 |
| Self-rated general health status, mean (SD) | 2 (1) | 2 (1) | 2(1) | 0.51 |
| Health literacy, mean (SD) | 5 (1) | 5 (1) | 5 (1) | 0.87 |
| Cognitive functioning (TICS-M), mean (SD) | 28 (5) | 28 (5) | 28 (5) | 0.41 |
| Caregiver burden, mean (SD) | 11 (8) | 11 (8) | 11 (8) | 0.53 |
| Time providing care for the PwCI | 0.33 | |||
| 5 h or fewer a week | 505 (30%) | 317 (30%) | 188 (31%) | |
| 6 to 19 h a week | 222 (13%) | 134 (13%) | 88 (14%) | |
| 20 or more hours a week | 160 (10%) | 111 (11%) | 49 (8%) | |
| Don‘t know/refused/missing | 785 (47%) | 496 (47%) | 289 (47%) | |
| Accompanies PwCI to primary care or specialty care appointments most of the time or always | 1461 (87%) | 913 (86%) | 548 (89%) | 0.08 |
| CAPACITY: communication domain score, mean (SD) | 3 (1) | 3 (1) | 3 (1) | 0.006 |
| CAPACITY: capacity domain score, mean (SD) | 2 (1) | 2 (1) | 2 (1) | 0.048 |
| Informal discussion about ACP | ||||
| Care partner reports discussion has occurred | 1256 (75%) | 904 (85%) | 352 (57%) | <0.001 |
| PwCI and care partner responses agree about discussion occurrence | 1166 (70%) | 904 (85%) | 262 (43%) | <0.001 |
| ADs (PwCI-report) | ||||
| Any type of advance directive | 1508 (90%) | 1002 (95%) | 506 (82%) | <0.001 |
| Living will | 1346 (82%) | 923 (88%) | 423 (71%) | <0.001 |
| Medical directive | 1196 (74%) | 850 (82%) | 346 (60%) | <0.001 |
| Health care proxy | 1355 (83%) | 932 (89%) | 423 (71%) | <0.001 |
| ADs (care partner report) | ||||
| Any type of advance directive | 1532 (92%) | 990 (94%) | 542 (88%) | <0.001 |
| Living will | 1374 (83%) | 907 (87%) | 467 (77%) | <0.001 |
| Medical directive | 1270 (79%) | 847 (83%) | 423 (72%) | <0.001 |
| Health care proxy | 1424 (87%) | 938 (90%) | 486 (82%) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: PwCI, persons with mild cognitive impairment or dementia; ACP, advance care planning; CAPACITY, caregiver perceptions about communication with clinical team members; TICS-M, an abbreviated version of the telephone interview cognitive status.
Note. Statistics in the table comprise imputed values for missing observations; there were no meaningful differences when statistics from the complete case sample was compared to statistics presented herein. Between-group differences were estimated chi-square tests/Kruskal-Wallis tests for categorical variables and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous variables. Higher scores for cognitive functioning and caregiver burden indicate high degrees of functional impairment and subjective burden. Higher scores for general health status, health literacy, and CAPACITY indicate better health and a higher degree of health literacy and perceived communication/support from the PwCI’s health care team. The number of imputed values per variable were: PwCIs’ financial satisfaction (n =26), education (n = 18), health literacy (n = 16), general health status (n = 10), and TICS-M score (n = 4), as well as care partners’ CAPACITY scores (both domains, n = 101), burden (n = 34), education (n = 11), age (n = 10), health literacy (n = 4), and general health status (n = 2).