Table 2.
Major metabolic pathways in adopted cells
| Cell type | Energy sources in quiescent state | Energy sources in activition state | Related molecular changes | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tn cells | OXPHOS | Glycolysis | IL-7, mTORC1,MYC | [53, 54, 63] |
| Tm cell | FAO, mitochondrial metabolism | OXPHOS, TCA cycle |
Akt, mTORC2, aquaporin 9 |
[54, 56] |
| Tregs |
FAO, OXPHOS |
Glycolysis | AMPK, HIF1α Foxp3 | [62, 65, 98] |
| Teffs | FAO |
Glycolysis, glutaminolysis, TCA cycle |
mTOR, HIF1α | [68, 69] |
| B lymphocytes | OXPHOS |
Glycolysis, glutaminolysis, TCA cycle |
TAPP, mTORC1, C-MYC | [78–80] |