Table 3.

Pathological outcomes of laparoscopic versus open lateral pelvic lymph node dissection

Variables	Lap (n = 126)	Open (n = 70)	P*
p/ypT category			0.121
T0–2	48 (38.1)	19 (27.1)
T3–4	78 (61.9)	51 (72.9)
p/ypN category			0.443
N0	63 (50.0)	31 (44.3)
N1–2	63 (50.0)	39 (55.7)
Differentiation			0.307
WD/MD	117 (92.9)	61 (88.6)
PD/mucinous/SRC	9 (7.1)	8 (11.4)
Positive resection margin	12 (9.5)	8 (11.4)	0.673
CRM involvement (<1 mm)	10 (8.1)	7 (10.3)	0.603
DRM involvement (<1 mm)	2 (1.6)	1 (1.5)	0.552
Pathologic complete response	7 (5.6)	8 (11.4)	0.138
Pathological LPLN metastasis	32 (25.4)	25 (35.7)	0.128
Unilateral	30 (23.8)	24 (34.3)	0.116
Bilateral	2 (1.6)	1 (1.4)	>0.999
Number of metastatic LPLNs, median (range)	0 (0–7)	0 (0–7)	0.098
Unilateral	0 (0–4)	0 (0–3)	0.238
Bilateral	0 (0–7)	0 (0–7)	0.482
Number of collected LPLNs, median (range)	7 (0–23)	10 (0–46)	0.027
Unilateral	6 (0–16)	9 (0–29)	0.021
Bilateral	14 (2–23)	13 (3–46)	0.459
Mesorectal LN metastasis	58 (46.0)	26 (37.7)	0.260
Number of metastatic mesorectal LNs, median (range)	0 (0–9)	0 (0–8)	0.370
Number of collected mesorectal LNs, median (range)	26 (6–97)	20 (3–76)	0.095

Lap, laparoscopic; pCR, pathologic complete response; WD, well differentiated; MD, moderately differentiated; PD, poorly differentiated; SRC, signet ring cell; CRM, circumferential resection margin; DRM, distal resection margin; LPLN, lateral pelvic lymph node; LN, lymph node.

^* P values were calculated using the Mann–Whitney U test for continuous variables and the chi-squared test for categorical variables. Values are n (%) unless otherwise indicated.