Table 2.
Average knee, ankle, and MTP mechanics during overground running in the VFintact and VFcut (mean ± SD).
| Variable | VFintact | VFcut | Within-subject change (%) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peak knee flexion (°) | 32.7 ± 10.0 | 34.2 ± 9.5 | 8.8 ± 18.7 | 0.411 |
| Peak knee moment (N·m) | 336.9 ± 32.8 | 336.9 ± 43.9 | 0.8 ± 7.3 | 0.683 |
| Peak ankle dorsiflexion (°) | 17.8 ± 4.9 | 18.2 ± 5.7 | 5.3 ± 26.8 | 0.738 |
| Peak ankle moment (N·m) | 181.9 ± 20.8 | 182.5 ± 17.5 | –0.7 ± 6.3 | 0.876 |
| Peak MTP dorsiflexion (°) | 19.1 ± 5.3* | 25.3 ± 7.8* | 28.7 ± 23.6* | 0.002 |
| Peak MTP moment (N·m) | 31.6± 8.2 | 31.9 ± 8.4 | 6.6 ± 21.7 | 0.875 |
| Positive knee work (J/kg/step) | 0.65 ± 0.32 | 0.55 ± 0.16 | –0.83 ± 22.65 | 0.190 |
| Negative knee work (J/kg/step) | –0.96 ± 0.31 | –0.94 ± 0.25 | –0.37 ± 17.87 | 0.756 |
| Positive ankle work (J/kg/step) | 0.91 ± 0.18 | 0.85 ± 0.14 | –4.81 ± 13.50 | 0.133 |
| Negative ankle work (J/kg/step) | –0.64 ± 0.17 | –0.62 ± 0.19 | –3.84 ± 11.69 | 0.281 |
| Positive MTP work (J/kg/step) | 0.02 ± 0.01* | 0.01 ± 0.01* | –32.07 ± 31.18* | 0.023 |
| Negative MTP work (J/kg/step) | –0.11 ± 0.05* | –0.15 ± 0.06* | 33.06 ± 41.35* | 0.008 |
Note: Average within-subject changes are reported as a percentage difference (VFcut – VFintact)/VFintact × 100%.
Abbreviations: MTP = metatarsophalangeal; VFcut = cut Nike Vaporfly 4%; VFintact = intact Nike Vaporfly 4%.
⁎
p < 0.05, statistical difference between shoe conditions.