Table 4.
HR (95% CI) | P value | |
---|---|---|
Univariable analysis | ||
TNFi not exposed | 1.00 (reference) | |
TNFi exposed | 0.37 (0.14–0.97) | 0.043 |
Multivariable model 1 adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factorsa | ||
TNFi not exposed | 1.00 (reference) | |
TNFi exposed | 0.30 (0.11–0.87) | 0.026 |
Multivariable model 2 adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factorsa and time-averaged ESR and CRP | ||
TNFi not exposed | 1.00 (reference) | |
TNFi exposed | 0.38 (0.13–1.14) | 0.084 |
Multivariable model 3 adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factorsa and baseline ESR and CRP | ||
TNFi not exposed | 1.00 (reference) | |
TNFi exposed | 0.42 (0.15–1.22) | 0.112 |
Multivariable model 4 adjusted for use of NSAIDs and csDMARDs | ||
TNFi not exposed | 1.00 (reference) | |
TNFi exposed | 0.38 (0.14–0.99) | 0.049 |
Multivariable model 5 adjusted for use of aspirin, ACEi or ARB, SGLT2 inhibitor, and statin | ||
TNFi not exposed | 1.00 (reference) | |
TNFi exposed | 0.30 (0.11–0.83) | 0.021 |
TNFi tumor necrosis factor inhibitor, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP C-reactive protein, NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, csDMARDs conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, ACEi angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin II receptor blocker, SGLT2 sodium-glucose cotransporter-2
aTraditional cardiovascular risk factors: age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, smoking, and body mass index